Rauh Nadine, Franke Thomas, Krems Josef F
Hum Factors. 2015 Feb;57(1):177-87. doi: 10.1177/0018720814546372.
The objective of the present research was to increase understanding of the phenomenon of range anxiety and to determine the degree to which practical experience with battery electric vehicles (BEVs) reduces different levels of range anxiety.
Limited range is a challenge for BEV users. A frequently discussed phenomenon in this context is range anxiety. There is some evidence suggesting that range anxiety might be a problem only for inexperienced BEV drivers and, therefore, might decrease with practical experience.
We compared 12 motorists with high BEV driving experience (M = 60,500 km) with 12 motorists who had never driven a BEV before. The test drive was designed to lead to a critical range situation (remaining range < trip length). We examined range appraisal and range stress (i.e., range anxiety) on different levels (cognitive, emotional, and behavioral).
Experienced BEV drivers exhibited less negative range appraisal and range anxiety than inexperienced BEV drivers, revealing significant, strong effects for all but one variable.
Hence, BEV driving experience (defined as absolute kilometers driven with a BEV) seems to be one important variable that predicts less range anxiety.
In order to reduce range anxiety in BEV drivers even when there is a critical range situation, it is important to increase efficiency and effectiveness of the learning process.
本研究的目的是增进对里程焦虑现象的理解，并确定纯电动汽车（BEV）的实际使用经验在何种程度上能减轻不同程度的里程焦虑。
续航里程有限对纯电动汽车用户来说是一项挑战。在此背景下，一个经常被讨论的现象就是里程焦虑。有证据表明，里程焦虑可能只是 inexperienced BEV 驾驶员才会面临的问题，因此，随着实际驾驶经验的增加可能会减轻。
我们将 12 名有丰富纯电动汽车驾驶经验（平均行驶里程 M = 60,500 公里）的驾驶者与 12 名从未驾驶过纯电动汽车的驾驶者进行了比较。试驾被设计成会导致临界里程情况（剩余里程 < 行程长度）。我们在不同层面（认知、情绪和行为）上考察了里程评估和里程压力（即里程焦虑）。
有经验的纯电动汽车驾驶者比没有经验的驾驶者表现出更少的负面里程评估和里程焦虑，除一个变量外，其他所有变量均显示出显著且强烈的影响。
因此，纯电动汽车驾驶经验（定义为驾驶纯电动汽车行驶的绝对公里数）似乎是预测里程焦虑较少的一个重要变量。
为了即使在出现临界里程情况时也能减轻纯电动汽车驾驶者的里程焦虑，提高学习过程的效率和效果很重要。
