Korir Geoffrey K, Wambani Jeska S, Korir Ian K, Tries Mark A, Boen Patrick K
New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Office of Radiological Health, 42-09 28th Street, Long Island City, NY 11101, USA
Radiology Department, Kenyatta National Hospital, Hospital Road, P.O. Box 20723-00202, Nairobi, Kenya.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2016 Feb;168(2):242-52. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncv020. Epub 2015 Mar 19.
The purpose of this study was to estimate the computed tomography (CT) examination frequency, patient radiation exposure, effective doses and national diagnostic reference levels (NDRLs) associated with CT examinations in clinical practice. A structured questionnaire-type form was developed for recording examination frequency, scanning protocols and patient radiation exposure during CT procedures in fully equipped medical facilities across the country. The national annual number of CT examinations per 1000 people was estimated to be 3 procedures. The volume-weighted CT dose index, dose length product, effective dose and NDRLs were determined for 20 types of adult and paediatric CT examinations. Additionally, the CT annual collective effective dose and effective dose per capita were approximated. The radiation exposure during CT examinations was broadly distributed between the facilities that took part in the study. This calls for a need to develop and implement diagnostic reference levels as a standardisation and optimisation tool for the radiological protection of patients at all the CT facilities nationwide.
本研究的目的是评估临床实践中计算机断层扫描（CT）检查的频率、患者的辐射暴露、有效剂量以及与CT检查相关的国家诊断参考水平（NDRLs）。设计了一份结构化问卷形式，用于记录全国设备齐全的医疗机构在CT检查过程中的检查频率、扫描方案和患者辐射暴露情况。估计全国每1000人每年的CT检查次数为3次。确定了20种成人和儿科CT检查的容积加权CT剂量指数、剂量长度乘积、有效剂量和国家诊断参考水平。此外，还估算了CT年度集体有效剂量和人均有效剂量。参与研究的各机构之间，CT检查期间的辐射暴露分布差异较大。这就需要制定并实施诊断参考水平，作为全国所有CT设备对患者进行放射防护的标准化和优化工具。
