Greenop Kathryn R, Miller Margaret, Bailey Helen D, de Klerk Nicholas H, Attia John, Kellie Stewart J, Bower Carol, Armstrong Bruce K, Milne Elizabeth
Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, PO Box 855, West Perth 6872, Perth, WA, Australia.
Cancer Causes Control. 2015 Jun;26(6):871-9. doi: 10.1007/s10552-015-0562-z. Epub 2015 Mar 20.
The etiology of childhood brain tumors (CBT) is poorly understood, but dietary factors could be involved. In this case-control study of CBT, the possible associations of childhood intake of dietary and supplemental folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 with the risk of CBT were investigated, along with various food groups.
Cases diagnosed between 2005 and 2010 were identified from 10 pediatric oncology centers in Australia and controls by nationwide random-digit dialling. For study children of ages 3-14 years, diet in the year before diagnosis (or recruitment) was assessed using food frequency questionnaires. Folate intake was adjusted for bioavailability, and dietary micronutrient intake was energy-adjusted. Micronutrients and food groups were analyzed using logistic regression adjusting for relevant confounders. Principal components analysis was conducted to assess food group intake patterns for analysis.
Food and micronutrient data were available for 216 cases and 523 controls. Folate intake was associated with a reduced risk of CBT overall (odds ratio for highest tertile vs. lowest: 0.63, 95% confidence interval 0.41, 0.97) and particularly low-grade gliomas (odds ratio for highest tertile vs. lowest: 0.52, 95% confidence interval 0.29, 0.92). Vitamin B6 and B12 intake was not associated with CBT risk, nor was processed meat.
High folate intake during childhood may reduce the risk of CBT. This potentially important finding needs to be corroborated in other studies. If replicated, these results could have important implications for public health recommendations regarding diet during childhood.
儿童脑肿瘤（CBT）的病因尚不清楚，但饮食因素可能与之有关。在这项CBT病例对照研究中，调查了儿童时期饮食和补充叶酸、维生素B6和维生素B12的摄入量与CBT风险之间的可能关联，以及各种食物组。
从澳大利亚的10个儿科肿瘤中心确定2005年至2010年期间诊断的病例，并通过全国随机数字拨号确定对照。对于3至14岁的研究儿童，使用食物频率问卷评估诊断（或招募）前一年的饮食。叶酸摄入量根据生物利用度进行调整，饮食中微量营养素摄入量根据能量进行调整。使用逻辑回归分析对微量营养素和食物组进行分析，并对相关混杂因素进行调整。进行主成分分析以评估食物组摄入模式以供分析。
获得了216例病例和523例对照的食物和微量营养素数据。总体而言，叶酸摄入量与CBT风险降低相关（最高三分位数与最低三分位数的比值比：0.63，95%置信区间0.41，0.97），尤其是低级别胶质瘤（最高三分位数与最低三分位数的比值比：0.52，95%置信区间0.29，0.92）。维生素B6和B12的摄入量与CBT风险无关，加工肉类也无关。
儿童时期高叶酸摄入量可能降低CBT风险。这一潜在的重要发现需要在其他研究中得到证实。如果得到重复验证，这些结果可能对儿童时期饮食的公共卫生建议产生重要影响。
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