Søvik Jenny B, Vieira Alexandre R, Tveit A B, Mulic Aida
Department of Cariology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Caries Res. 2015;49(3):236-42. doi: 10.1159/000369565. Epub 2015 Mar 17.
Dental erosive wear is a multifactorial condition that is greatly affected by environmental factors. So far, no study has investigated how dental erosive wear is influenced by variations in enamel formation genes. The aim of the present study was to investigate polymorphisms in genes involved in enamel formation and their influence on enamel susceptibility to dental erosion. DNA samples were collected from 795 Norwegian adolescents aged 16-18 years. Five single-nucleotide polymorphism markers were genotyped in selected candidate genes (ameloblastin, amelogenin, enamelin, tuftelin 1 and tuftelin interacting protein 11), reported to influence enamel formation. Allele and genotype frequencies were compared within two patient groups with dental erosions; all participants with dental erosion and only those with severe dental erosion (erosion extending into dentine). Overrepresentation of the G allele of the enamelin marker was seen in the erosion group compared to the unaffected group (p = 0.047). When erosion severity was considered, statistical significant difference in allele frequency was observed for amelogenin, with the C allele suggesting a protective role (p = 0.02). A suggestive overrepresentation of the TT genotype of the amelogenin marker was also seen in cases with severe erosion (p = 0.049) when compared to cases with no dentine erosion. Amelogenin was also associated with severe erosion in the recessive model; the TT genotype was significantly more frequent in the affected group than in the unaffected group (p = 0.01). The present study suggests that polymorphisms in enamel formation genes are statistically associated with an individual's susceptibility to dental erosive wear.
牙齿酸蚀磨损是一种受环境因素影响很大的多因素病症。到目前为止，尚无研究调查牙釉质形成基因的变异如何影响牙齿酸蚀磨损。本研究的目的是调查参与牙釉质形成的基因中的多态性及其对牙釉质酸蚀易感性的影响。从795名16 - 18岁的挪威青少年中收集了DNA样本。对选定的候选基因（成釉蛋白、釉原蛋白、釉蛋白、成束蛋白1和成束蛋白相互作用蛋白11）中的五个单核苷酸多态性标记进行基因分型，据报道这些基因会影响牙釉质形成。在两组患有牙齿酸蚀的患者中比较等位基因和基因型频率；所有患有牙齿酸蚀的参与者以及仅那些患有严重牙齿酸蚀（酸蚀延伸至牙本质）的参与者。与未受影响的组相比，在酸蚀组中观察到釉蛋白标记的G等位基因出现频率过高（p = 0.047）。当考虑酸蚀严重程度时，观察到釉原蛋白的等位基因频率存在统计学显著差异，C等位基因显示出保护作用（p = 0.02）。与没有牙本质酸蚀的病例相比，在严重酸蚀的病例中也观察到釉原蛋白标记的TT基因型有提示性的过高频率（p = 0.049）。在隐性模型中，釉原蛋白也与严重酸蚀相关；TT基因型在受影响组中的频率明显高于未受影响组（p = 0.01）。本研究表明，牙釉质形成基因中的多态性与个体对牙齿酸蚀磨损的易感性在统计学上相关。
