Department of Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
Int J Gen Med. 2015 Mar 10;8:101-8. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S79423. eCollection 2015.
Measles remains the leading cause of vaccine-preventable childhood mortality in developing countries, with its greatest incidence in children younger than 2 years of age. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of measles virus in children (aged 0-8 months) and older children (aged 9-23 months) presenting with measles-like symptoms.
A total of 273 blood samples comprising 200 from children aged 0-8 months and 73 from children aged 9-23 months were collected and analyzed for measles virus IgM antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
An overall prevalence of 21.2% was obtained, with a prevalence of 6.5% in children aged 0-8 months and 61.6% in children aged 9-23 months. The prevalence of measles virus increased with age in children aged 0-8 months and decreased with age in older children (aged 9-23 months), showing a significant association between measles virus and age of the child (P=0.000). A higher prevalence was found in females (27.5%) than in males (16.3%) and this difference was significant (odds ratio 1.942, P=0.025). There was no significant association with the level of parental education, parental occupation, or number of children in the family (P>0.05). With respect to children's vaccination status and breastfeeding, there was a significant association (P<0.05). The marital status of the family, place of residence, and household size showed no significant association with the prevalence of measles virus. However, a significant association was observed in relation to maternal measles history (odds ratio 2.535, P=0.005) and maternal vaccination status (odds ratio 1.791, P=0.049), as well as between measles virus infection and all presenting symptoms, except for vomiting, malaria, typhoid, and pneumonia, which showed no significant association (P>0.05).
The findings of this study confirm the presence of measles virus infection in children aged 0-8 months.
麻疹仍然是发展中国家可通过疫苗预防的儿童死亡的主要原因，其发病率在 2 岁以下儿童中最高。本研究的目的是确定有麻疹样症状的 0-8 个月龄儿童和 9-23 个月龄儿童的麻疹病毒血清阳性率。
共采集了 273 份血液样本，其中 200 份来自 0-8 个月龄儿童，73 份来自 9-23 个月龄儿童，采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测麻疹病毒 IgM 抗体。
总体阳性率为 21.2%，0-8 个月龄儿童的阳性率为 6.5%，9-23 个月龄儿童的阳性率为 61.6%。0-8 个月龄儿童的麻疹病毒阳性率随年龄增长而升高，9-23 个月龄儿童的阳性率随年龄增长而降低，表明麻疹病毒与儿童年龄之间存在显著关联（P=0.000）。女性（27.5%）的阳性率高于男性（16.3%），差异有统计学意义（比值比 1.942，P=0.025）。父母的受教育程度、职业和家庭中儿童的数量与阳性率之间无显著关联（P>0.05）。关于儿童的疫苗接种情况和母乳喂养，与阳性率之间存在显著关联（P<0.05）。家庭的婚姻状况、居住地点和家庭规模与麻疹病毒的流行率之间无显著关联。然而，母亲的麻疹病史（比值比 2.535，P=0.005）和母亲的疫苗接种状况（比值比 1.791，P=0.049）与麻疹病毒感染之间存在显著关联，以及除呕吐、疟疾、伤寒和肺炎外，所有出现的症状与麻疹病毒感染之间存在显著关联（P>0.05）。
本研究结果证实 0-8 个月龄儿童存在麻疹病毒感染。
