Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur, BP 923, Bangui, Central African Republic.
BMC Public Health. 2011 May 17;11:327. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-327.
Passively acquired maternal antibodies are necessary to protect infants against circulating measles virus until they reach the eligible age of vaccination. Likewise, high levels of population immunity must be achieved and maintained to reduce measles virus transmission. This study was undertaken to (1) assess the presence of maternally acquired measles-specific IgG antibodies among infants less than 9 months of age in Bangui, Central African Republic and (2) determine the immune status of vaccination-age children and the concordance with reported vaccination status. A secondary objective was to describe the presence of rubella-specific IgG antibody in the study population.
Vaccination history and blood samples were collected from 395 children using blotting paper. Samples were analyzed for the presence of measles-specific IgG antibodies using commercial ELISA kits.
Measles-specific IgG antibodies were detected in 51.3% of vaccinated children and 27.6% of non-vaccinated children. Maternally derived measles IgG antibodies were present in only 14.8% of infants aged 0-3 months and were absent in all infants aged 4-8 months. The presence of IgG-specific measles antibodies varied among children of vaccination age, from 57.3% for children aged 9 months to 5 years, to 50.6% for children aged 6-9 years and 45.6% for chidren aged 10 years and above. The overall prevalence of rubella-specific IgG was 55.4%, with a high prevalence (87.4%) among children over 10 years of age.
The findings suggest that despite efforts to accelerate measles control by giving a second dose of measles vaccine, a large number of children remain susceptible to measles virus. Further research is required to determine the geographic extent of immunity gaps and the factors that influence immunity to measles virus in the Central African Republic.
婴儿在达到接种疫苗的合格年龄之前，需要通过被动获得的母体抗体来预防麻疹病毒的流行。同样，必须实现并维持高水平的人群免疫力，以减少麻疹病毒的传播。本研究旨在：（1）评估中非共和国班吉小于 9 个月的婴儿体内麻疹特异性 IgG 抗体的母体获得情况；（2）确定接种年龄儿童的免疫状态，并确定与报告的接种状况的一致性。次要目标是描述研究人群中风疹特异性 IgG 抗体的存在情况。
使用吸墨纸从 395 名儿童中收集疫苗接种史和血样。使用商业 ELISA 试剂盒分析样本中麻疹特异性 IgG 抗体的存在情况。
51.3%的接种儿童和 27.6%的未接种儿童检测到麻疹特异性 IgG 抗体。仅在 0-3 月龄婴儿中存在母体来源的麻疹 IgG 抗体，而在所有 4-8 月龄婴儿中均未检测到。在接种年龄的儿童中，麻疹 IgG 特异性抗体的存在情况有所不同，从 9 个月至 5 岁的儿童为 57.3%，6-9 岁的儿童为 50.6%，10 岁及以上的儿童为 45.6%。风疹特异性 IgG 的总体流行率为 55.4%，10 岁以上儿童的流行率较高（87.4%）。
尽管努力通过接种第二剂麻疹疫苗来加速麻疹控制，但仍有大量儿童易感染麻疹病毒。需要进一步研究以确定免疫空白的地理范围以及影响中非共和国麻疹病毒免疫力的因素。
