Furuna T, Nagasaki H, Nishizawa S, Sugiura M, Okuzumi H, Ito H, Kinugasa T, Hashizume K, Maruyama H
Department of Kinesiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
The Research Institute for the Education of Exceptional Children, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo 184-0015, Japan.
J Jpn Phys Ther Assoc. 1998;1(1):1-5. doi: 10.1298/jjpta.1.1.
The primary purposes of this study were 1) to confirm age-related deterioration of physical performance in older adults longitudinally, and 2) to predict future functional status and mortality by initial level of physical performances. The subjects were 517 older adults examined both in 1992 and 1996 in the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Longitudinal Interdisciplinary Study on Aging. The same battery consisting of muscle strength, balance, walking, and manual speed was administered to the subjects in the baseline and follow-up examinations. A significant longitudinal decline was observed in all physical performances except for grip strength. The age-related decline accelerated with aging for preferred walking velocity. Inter-subject variability in walking velocity significantly increased for 4 years period. Maximum walking velocity was a common predictor for functional status and mortality. The results suggest that physical performance measures, especially maximum walking velocity, is a valid means for physical therapy to evaluate physical functioning of community-living older persons.
1）纵向确认老年人身体机能与年龄相关的衰退；2）通过身体机能的初始水平预测未来的功能状态和死亡率。研究对象为517名老年人，他们于1992年和1996年在东京都老人综合研究所进行了衰老纵向跨学科研究。在基线检查和随访检查中，对受试者进行了包括肌肉力量、平衡能力、步行能力和手部速度在内的相同测试。除握力外，所有身体机能均出现了显著的纵向下降。随着年龄增长，偏好步行速度的年龄相关下降加速。在4年期间，受试者之间步行速度的变异性显著增加。最大步行速度是功能状态和死亡率的常见预测指标。结果表明，身体机能测量，尤其是最大步行速度，是物理治疗评估社区居住老年人身体功能的有效手段。
