Tsikliras Athanassios C, Dinouli Anny, Tsiros Vasileios-Zikos, Tsalkou Eleni
Laboratory of Ichthyology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
PLoS One. 2015 Mar 20;10(3):e0121188. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121188. eCollection 2015.
The status of the Mediterranean and Black Sea fisheries was evaluated for the period 1970-2010 on a subarea basis, using various indicators including the temporal variability of total landings, the number of recorded stocks, the mean trophic level of the catch, the fishing-in-balance index and the catch-based method of stock classification. All indicators confirmed that the fisheries resources of the Mediterranean and Black Sea are at risk from overexploitation. The pattern of exploitation and the state of stocks differed among the western (W), central (C) and eastern (E) Mediterranean subareas and the Black Sea (BS), with the E Mediterranean and BS fisheries being in a worst shape. Indeed, in the E Mediterranean and the BS, total landings, mean trophic level of the catch and fishing-in-balance index were declining, the cumulative percentage of overexploited and collapsed stocks was higher, and the percentage of developing stocks was lower, compared to the W and C Mediterranean. Our results confirm the need for detailed and extensive stock assessments across species that will eventually lead to stocks recovering through conservation and management measures.
1970 - 2010年期间，在次区域基础上对地中海和黑海渔业状况进行了评估，采用了各种指标，包括总渔获量的时间变化、记录的种群数量、渔获物的平均营养级、捕捞平衡指数以及基于渔获量的种群分类方法。所有指标均证实，地中海和黑海的渔业资源面临过度开发的风险。地中海西部（W）、中部（C）和东部（E）次区域以及黑海（BS）的开发模式和种群状况各不相同，其中东地中海和黑海渔业的情况最差。事实上，与西地中海和中地中海相比，在东地中海和黑海，总渔获量、渔获物的平均营养级和捕捞平衡指数在下降，过度开发和崩溃种群的累计百分比更高，而发展中种群的百分比更低。我们的结果证实，需要对所有物种进行详细和广泛的种群评估，最终通过养护和管理措施使种群得以恢复。
