大气颗粒物和臭氧与妊娠期糖尿病的关联
Association of Atmospheric Particulate Matter and Ozone with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.
作者信息
Hu Hui, Ha Sandie, Henderson Barron H, Warner Tamara D, Roth Jeffrey, Kan Haidong, Xu Xiaohui
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine.
出版信息
Environ Health Perspect. 2015 Sep;123(9):853-9. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1408456. Epub 2015 Mar 20.
BACKGROUND
Ambient air pollution has been linked to the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, evidence of the association is very limited, and no study has estimated the effects of ozone.
OBJECTIVE
Our aim was to determine the association of prenatal exposures to particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) with GDM.
METHODS
We used Florida birth vital statistics records to investigate the association between the risk of GDM and two air pollutants (PM2.5 and O3) among 410,267 women who gave birth in Florida between 2004 and 2005. Individual air pollution exposure was assessed at the woman's home address at time of delivery using the hierarchical Bayesian space-time statistical model. We further estimated associations between air pollution exposures during different trimesters and GDM.
RESULTS
After controlling for nine covariates, we observed increased odds of GDM with per 5-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 (ORTrimester1 = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.21; ORTrimester2 = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.20; ORPregnancy = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.26) and per 5-ppb increase in O3 (ORTrimester1 = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.11; ORTrimester2 = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.14; ORPregnancy = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.21) during both the first trimester and second trimester as well as the full pregnancy in single-pollutant models. Compared with the single-pollutant model, the ORs for O3 were almost identical in the co-pollutant model. However, the ORs for PM2.5 during the first trimester and the full pregnancy were attenuated, and no association was observed for PM2.5 during the second trimester in the co-pollutant model (OR = 1.02; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.07).
CONCLUSION
This population-based study suggests that exposure to air pollution during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of GDM in Florida, USA.
CITATION
Hu H, Ha S, Henderson BH, Warner TD, Roth J, Kan H, Xu X. 2015. Association of atmospheric particulate matter and ozone with gestational diabetes mellitus. Environ Health Perspect 123:853-859; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408456.
背景
环境空气污染与妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的发生有关。然而，相关关联的证据非常有限，且尚无研究评估臭氧的影响。
目的
我们的目的是确定孕期暴露于细颗粒物≤2.5μm（PM2.5）和臭氧（O3）与妊娠期糖尿病之间的关联。
方法
我们利用佛罗里达州出生人口动态统计记录，调查了2004年至2005年间在佛罗里达州分娩的410,267名女性中，妊娠期糖尿病风险与两种空气污染物（PM2.5和O3）之间的关联。使用分层贝叶斯时空统计模型，在分娩时根据产妇的家庭住址评估个体空气污染暴露情况。我们进一步估计了不同孕期的空气污染暴露与妊娠期糖尿病之间的关联。
结果
在控制了九个协变量后，我们观察到，在单污染物模型中，PM2.5每增加5μg/m3，妊娠期糖尿病的患病几率增加（孕早期：OR = 1.16；95%置信区间：1.11, 1.21；孕中期：OR = 1.15；95%置信区间：1.10, 1.20；整个孕期：OR = 1.20；95%置信区间：1.13, 1.26），O3每增加5 ppb，妊娠期糖尿病的患病几率也增加（孕早期：OR = 1.09；95%置信区间：1.07, 1.11；孕中期：OR = 1.12；95%置信区间：1.10, 1.14；整个孕期：OR = 1.18；95%置信区间：1.15, 1.21）。与单污染物模型相比，在共污染物模型中，O3的OR值几乎相同。然而，在共污染物模型中，孕早期和整个孕期PM2.5的OR值减弱，孕中期未观察到PM2.5与妊娠期糖尿病有关联（OR = 1.02；95%置信区间：0.98, 1.07）。
结论
这项基于人群的研究表明，在美国佛罗里达州，孕期暴露于空气污染与妊娠期糖尿病风险增加有关。
引用文献
Hu H, Ha S, Henderson BH, Warner TD, Roth J, Kan H, Xu X. 2015. Association of atmospheric particulate matter and ozone with gestational diabetes mellitus. Environ Health Perspect 123:853 - 859; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408456
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