Melo Priscilla Siqueira, Massarioli Adna Prado, Denny Carina, dos Santos Luciana Ferracini, Franchin Marcelo, Pereira Giuliano Elias, Vieira Thais Maria Ferreira de Souza, Rosalen Pedro Luiz, de Alencar Severino Matias
Department of Agri-food Industry, Food and Nutrition, 'Luiz de Queiroz' College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Pádua Dias Avenue, P.O. Box. 9, 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Campinas, 901, Limeira Avenue, 13414-903 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
Food Chem. 2015 Aug 15;181:160-9. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.02.087. Epub 2015 Feb 24.
Nearly 20 million tons of winery by-products, with many biological activities, are discarded each year in the world. The extraction of bioactive compounds from Chenin Blanc, Petit Verdot, and Syrah grape by-products, produced in the semi-arid region in Brazil, was optimized by a Central Composite Rotatable Design. The phenolic compounds profile, antioxidant capacity against synthetic free radicals (DPPH and ABTS), reactive oxygen species (ROS; peroxyl radical, superoxide radical, hypochlorous acid), cytotoxicity assay (MTT) and quantification of TNF-α production in RAW 264.7 cells were conducted. Gallic acid, syringic acid, procyanidins B1 and B2, catechin, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, quercetin 3-β-d-glucoside, delfinidin 3-glucoside, peonidin 3-O-glucoside, and malvidin 3-glucoside were the main phenolic compounds identified. In general, rachis showed higher antioxidant capacity than pomace extract, especially for Chenin Blanc. All extracts showed low cytotoxicity against RAW 264.7 cells and Petit Verdot pomace suppressed TNF-α liberation in vitro. Therefore, these winery by-products can be considered good sources of bioactive compounds, with great potential for application in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
全球每年有近2000万吨具有多种生物活性的酿酒厂副产品被丢弃。采用中心复合旋转设计对巴西半干旱地区生产的白诗南、小维多和西拉葡萄副产品中的生物活性化合物提取进行了优化。测定了酚类化合物谱、对合成自由基（DPPH和ABTS）、活性氧（ROS；过氧自由基、超氧自由基、次氯酸）的抗氧化能力、细胞毒性试验（MTT）以及RAW 264.7细胞中TNF-α产生的定量。没食子酸、丁香酸、原花青素B1和B2、儿茶素、表儿茶素、表儿茶素没食子酸酯、槲皮素3-β-d-葡萄糖苷、飞燕草素3-葡萄糖苷、芍药素3-O-葡萄糖苷和锦葵素3-葡萄糖苷是鉴定出的主要酚类化合物。总体而言，葡萄梗的抗氧化能力高于果渣提取物，尤其是白诗南。所有提取物对RAW 264.7细胞的细胞毒性都较低，小维多果渣在体外可抑制TNF-α的释放。因此，这些酿酒厂副产品可被视为生物活性化合物的良好来源，在食品和制药行业具有巨大的应用潜力。
