Martín-Pérez M, Hernández Barrera V, López de Andrés A, Jiménez-Trujillo I, Jiménez-García R, Carrasco-Garrido P
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
Public Health. 2015 May;129(5):453-9. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.01.028. Epub 2015 Mar 17.
To describe the prevalence of prescribed and self-medicated use of medication in the Spanish Roma population, and identify the associated factors.
Descriptive cross-sectional study.
Data from the first National Health Survey conducted on the Roma population in Spain were used. The sample comprised 1000 Spanish Roma adults of both sexes aged ≥16 years. Answers (yes/no) to the question, 'In the last two weeks have you taken the following medicines [in reference to a list of medicines that might be used by the population] and were they prescribed for you by a doctor?' were used to ascertain 'medication use'. 'Self-medication' referred to use of these medicines without medical prescription. Using multivariate logistic regression models, odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to identify associated factors.
The overall prevalence of medication use in the Roma population for both sexes was 69.1%, and 38.7% was self-medicated. Females reported higher use of medication than males (75.1% vs 62.3%); however, self-medication was higher among males. Analgesics and antipyretics were used most often (35.8%). Among males, the variables that were independently and significantly associated with a higher probability of medication use were: age; negative perception of health; presence of chronic disease (OR 2.81; 95% CI 1.67-4.73); and medical visits (OR 4.51; 95% CI 2.54-8.01). The variables were the same among females, except for age.
A high percentage of the Spanish Roma population use medication, and a significant proportion of them self-medicate. The presence of chronic diseases, a negative perception of health and medical consultations were associated with increased use of medication in the study population.
描述西班牙罗姆人群中处方药和自我药疗的使用情况，并确定相关因素。
描述性横断面研究。
使用了对西班牙罗姆人群进行的首次全国健康调查的数据。样本包括1000名年龄≥16岁的西班牙罗姆成年男女。对于“在过去两周内，您是否服用了以下药物[参考一份该人群可能使用的药物清单]，这些药物是医生为您开的吗？”这个问题的回答（是/否）用于确定“药物使用情况”。“自我药疗”指的是在没有医生处方的情况下使用这些药物。使用多变量逻辑回归模型计算比值比（OR）及其95%置信区间（CI），以确定相关因素。
罗姆人群中男女药物使用的总体患病率为69.1%，自我药疗率为38.7%。女性报告的药物使用率高于男性（75.1%对62.3%）；然而，男性的自我药疗率更高。最常使用的药物是镇痛药和解热药（35.8%）。在男性中，与药物使用可能性较高独立且显著相关的变量有：年龄；对健康的负面认知；慢性病的存在（OR 2.81；95%CI 1.67 - 4.73）；以及就医次数（OR 4.51；95%CI 2.54 - 8.01）。女性中的相关变量除年龄外与男性相同。
西班牙罗姆人群中很大一部分人使用药物，其中相当一部分人进行自我药疗。慢性病的存在、对健康的负面认知和就医与研究人群中药物使用的增加有关。
