Niclós Gracia, Olivar Teresa, Rodilla Vicent
Department of Pharmacy, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Moncada, Valencia, Spain.
Int J Pharm Pract. 2018 Jun;26(3):258-266. doi: 10.1111/ijpp.12387. Epub 2017 Aug 17.
The identification of factors which may influence a patient's decision to self-medicate.
Descriptive, cross-sectional study of the adult population (at least 16 years old), using data from the 2009 European Health Interview Survey in Spain, which included 22 188 subjects. Logistic regression models enabled us to estimate the effect of each analysed variable on self-medication.
In total, 14 863 (67%) individuals reported using medication (prescribed and non-prescribed) and 3274 (22.0%) of them self-medicated. Using logistic regression and stratifying by age, four different models have been constructed. Our results include different variables in each of the models to explain self-medication, but the one that appears on all four models is education level. Age is the other important factor which influences self-medication. Self-medication is strongly associated with factors related to socio-demographic, such as sex, educational level or age, as well as several health factors such as long-standing illness or physical activity.
When our data are compared to those from previous Spanish surveys carried out in 2003 and 2006, we can conclude that self-medication is increasing in Spain.
确定可能影响患者自我药疗决定的因素。
采用描述性横断面研究方法，以西班牙2009年欧洲健康访谈调查中的成年人群（至少16岁）为研究对象，该调查涵盖22188名受试者。通过逻辑回归模型，我们能够估计每个分析变量对自我药疗的影响。
总计14863名（67%）个体报告使用过药物（处方药和非处方药），其中3274名（22.0%）进行过自我药疗。通过逻辑回归并按年龄分层，构建了四个不同模型。我们的研究结果在每个模型中纳入了不同变量来解释自我药疗情况，但在所有四个模型中均出现的变量是教育水平。年龄是影响自我药疗的另一个重要因素。自我药疗与社会人口学相关因素（如性别、教育水平或年龄）以及一些健康因素（如慢性病或体育活动）密切相关。
将我们的数据与2003年和2006年西班牙此前的调查数据进行比较后，我们可以得出结论，西班牙的自我药疗现象正在增加。
