IEF patterns of HLA-B13 antigens from Orientals and Caucasians.

HLA-B13 antigens were isolated from metabolically labeled cell extracts from Caucasian and Oriental donors by means of an HLA-B13-specific monoclonal antibody, SY1. Ethnic differences in B13 molecules were identified by one-dimensional isoelectric focusing in which the pI of desialated Oriental B13 molecules was found to be higher than that of Caucasians. An additional Caucasian variant pattern was detected by peptide mapping using limited proteolysis in sodium dodecyl sulfate analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Dual allotypic determinants for B13 molecules were recognized by two HLA-B13-specific monoclonal antibodies, SY1 and Tu110, as determined by their sensitivity to complement-dependent cell lysis. Whereas the SY1 target epitope was shared by both ethnic B13 molecules, the two ethnic B13 molecules carried different Tu110 target structures. The Caucasian variant molecules appear to carry altered allotypic determinants which are recognized by both SY1 and Tu110 antibodies. This study suggests that the HLA-B13 private structure may comprise two epitopes recognized by SY1 and Tü110 antibodies, respectively, whose binding sites overlap. Present data also suggest that the private determinant was already present when the two racial groups diverged, and thus the mutations which gave rise to the variants may be of relatively recent origin.