Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Hepatology. 2013 Jun;57(6):2525-31. doi: 10.1002/hep.26299. Epub 2013 May 1.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in adults and children. A number of genetic and environmental factors are known to predispose individuals to NAFLD. Certain dietary sugars, particularly fructose, are suspected to contribute to the development of NAFLD and its progression. The increasing quantity of fructose in the diet comes from sugar additives (most commonly sucrose and high fructose corn syrup) in beverages and processed foods. Substantial links have been demonstrated between increased fructose consumption and obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Growing evidence suggests that fructose contributes to the development and severity of NAFLD. In human studies, fructose is associated with increasing hepatic fat, inflammation, and possibly fibrosis. Whether fructose alone can cause NAFLD or if it serves only as a contributor when consumed excessively in the setting of insulin resistance, positive energy balance, and sedentary lifestyle is unknown. Sufficient evidence exists to support clinical recommendations that fructose intake be limited through decreasing foods and drinks high in added (fructose-containing) sugars.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是成年人和儿童中最常见的慢性肝病。已知许多遗传和环境因素使个体易患 NAFLD。某些膳食糖，特别是果糖，被怀疑与 NAFLD 的发展及其进展有关。饮食中果糖的数量增加来自饮料和加工食品中糖添加剂（最常见的蔗糖和高果糖玉米糖浆）。大量证据表明，果糖摄入的增加与肥胖、血脂异常和胰岛素抵抗有关。越来越多的证据表明，果糖有助于 NAFLD 的发展和严重程度。在人体研究中，果糖与肝脂肪增加、炎症和纤维化有关。果糖是否单独导致 NAFLD，或者它是否仅在胰岛素抵抗、正能平衡和 sedentary lifestyle 的情况下过量摄入时作为一个贡献因素，目前尚不清楚。有足够的证据支持临床建议，即通过减少高添加（含果糖）糖的食物和饮料来限制果糖的摄入。
