Sommer M F, Beck R, Ionita M, Stefanovska J, Vasić A, Zdravković N, Hamel D, Rehbein S, Knaus M, Mitrea I L, Shukullari E, Kirkova Z, Rapti D, Capári B, Silaghi C
Institute of Comparative Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Leopoldstr. 5 80802, München, Germany,
Parasitol Res. 2015 Jun;114(6):2165-74. doi: 10.1007/s00436-015-4405-3. Epub 2015 Mar 25.
Giardia duodenalis is a worldwide occurring protozoan that can infect various mammalian hosts. While living conditions are getting closer between pet animals and owners, there is discussion whether dogs may contribute to the transmission of these pathogens to humans. The present study was conducted in order to identify the Giardia assemblages in dogs from South Eastern Europe. For this purpose, 1645 faecal samples of household and shelter dogs from Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Macedonia, Romania and Serbia were tested for Giardia coproantigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A subset of 107 faecal samples demonstrating Giardia cysts by direct immunofluorescence assay (IFA) or microscopy (15-22 per country) plus 26 IFA-positive canine faecal samples from Croatia were used for DNA extraction and multilocus sequence typing with nested PCRs targeting five different gene loci: SSU rRNA, ITS1-5.8S-ITS2, beta giardin (bg), glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) and triosephosphate isomerase (tpi). One third (33.7%) of the samples tested positive for Giardia antigen in the coproantigen ELISA. Shelter dogs were infected more frequently than household dogs (57.2 vs. 29.7%, p < 0.01). Amplification was obtained in 82.0, 12.8, 11.3, 1.5, and 31.6%, of the investigated samples at the SSU rRNA, bg, gdh and tpi loci and the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region, respectively. The dog-specific assemblages C and D were identified in 50 and 68 samples, respectively. The results demonstrate that G. duodenalis should be considered as a common parasite in dogs from South Eastern Europe. However, there was no evidence for zoonotic Giardia assemblages in the investigated canine subpopulation.
十二指肠贾第虫是一种在全球范围内广泛存在的原生动物，可感染多种哺乳动物宿主。随着宠物与主人的生活环境日益接近，人们开始讨论狗是否会将这些病原体传播给人类。本研究旨在鉴定东南欧地区狗体内的贾第虫组合。为此，采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）对来自阿尔巴尼亚、保加利亚、匈牙利、马其顿、罗马尼亚和塞尔维亚的1645份家养犬和收容所犬的粪便样本进行了贾第虫粪便抗原检测。通过直接免疫荧光测定（IFA）或显微镜检查显示有贾第虫囊肿的107份粪便样本子集（每个国家15 - 22份），加上来自克罗地亚的26份IFA阳性犬粪便样本，用于DNA提取和多位点序列分型，采用巢式PCR靶向五个不同基因位点：小亚基核糖体RNA（SSU rRNA）、内转录间隔区1 - 5.8S - 内转录间隔区2（ITS1 - 5.8S - ITS2）、β贾第素（bg）、谷氨酸脱氢酶（gdh）和磷酸丙糖异构酶（tpi）。在粪便抗原ELISA检测中，三分之一（33.7%）的样本贾第虫抗原呈阳性。收容所犬的感染频率高于家养犬（57.2%对29.7%，p < 0.01）。在被调查样本中，分别有82.0%、12.8%、11.3%、1.5%和31.6%的样本在SSU rRNA、bg、gdh和tpi基因位点以及ITS1 - 5.8S - ITS2区域获得扩增。分别在50份和68份样本中鉴定出狗特异性组合C和组合D。结果表明，十二指肠贾第虫应被视为东南欧地区犬类中的常见寄生虫。然而，在所调查的犬亚群中没有证据表明存在人畜共患的贾第虫组合。
