Degiovanni Alberto, Amaldi Ugo
CERN, BE-RF-MK L19900, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
TERA Foundation, Via Puccini 11, 28100 Novara, Italy.
Phys Med. 2015 Jun;31(4):322-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2015.03.002. Epub 2015 Mar 23.
In the last 60 years, hadron therapy has made great advances passing from a stage of pure research to a well-established treatment modality for solid tumours. In this paper the history of hadron therapy accelerators is reviewed, starting from the first cyclotrons used in the thirties for neutron therapy and passing to more modern and flexible machines used nowadays. The technical developments have been accompanied by clinical studies that allowed the selection of the tumours which are more sensitive to this type of radiotherapy. This paper aims at giving a review of the origin and the present status of hadron therapy accelerators, describing the technological basis and the continuous development of this application to medicine of instruments developed for fundamental science. At the end the present challenges are reviewed.
在过去的60年里，强子治疗已经取得了巨大进展，从纯粹的研究阶段发展成为一种成熟的实体肿瘤治疗方式。本文回顾了强子治疗加速器的历史，从20世纪30年代用于中子治疗的第一台回旋加速器开始，一直到如今使用的更现代、更灵活的机器。技术发展伴随着临床研究，这些研究使得能够筛选出对这种放疗类型更敏感的肿瘤。本文旨在综述强子治疗加速器的起源和现状，描述其技术基础以及为基础科学开发的仪器在医学应用中的不断发展。最后，对当前面临的挑战进行了综述。
