Tiago Castro e Couto, Mayra Yara Martins Brancaglion, António Alvim-Soares, Lafaiete Moreira, Frederico Duarte Garcia, Rodrigo Nicolato, Humberto Corrêa, Postgraduate Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais ,Belo Horizonte 30130100, MG, Brazil.
World J Psychiatry. 2015 Mar 22;5(1):103-11. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v5.i1.103.
Postpartum depression is one of the most prevalent psychopathologies. Its prevalence is estimated to be between 10% and 15%. Despite its multifactorial etiology, it is known that genetics play an important role in the genesis of this disorder. This paper reviews epidemiological evidence supporting the role of genetics in postpartum depression (PPD). The main objectives of this review are to determine which genes and polymorphisms are associated with PPD and discuss how this association may occur. In addition, this paper explores whether these genes are somehow related to or even the same as those linked to Major Depression (MD). To identify gaps in the current knowledge that require investigation, a systematic review was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed, LILACS and SciELO using the index terms "postpartum depression" and "genetics". Literature searches for articles in peer-reviewed journals were made until April 2014. PPD was indexed 56 times with genetics. The inclusion criteria were articles in Portuguese, Spanish or English that were available by institutional means or sent by authors upon request; this search resulted in 20 papers. Genes and polymorphisms traditionally related to MD, which are those involved in the serotonin, catecholamine, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and tryptophan metabolism, have been the most studied, and some have been related to PPD. The results are conflicting and some depend on epigenetics, which makes the data incipient. Further studies are required to determine the genes that are involved in PPD and establish the nature of the relationship between these genes and PPD.
产后抑郁症是最常见的精神病理学之一。其发病率估计在 10％至 15％之间。尽管其病因是多因素的，但已知遗传在这种疾病的发生中起着重要作用。本文综述了支持遗传学在产后抑郁症（PPD）中的作用的流行病学证据。本文的主要目的是确定哪些基因和多态性与 PPD 相关，并讨论这种关联可能发生的方式。此外，本文还探讨了这些基因是否与 Major Depression（MD）相关，甚至是否相同。为了确定需要调查的当前知识中的差距，在电子数据库 PubMed、LILACS 和 SciELO 中使用“产后抑郁症”和“遗传学”索引词进行了系统评价。直到 2014 年 4 月，对同行评审期刊上的文章进行了文献搜索。PPD 与遗传学相关的索引有 56 次。纳入标准为以葡萄牙语、西班牙语或英语发表的文章，可通过机构途径获得或应作者要求发送；这项搜索产生了 20 篇论文。传统上与 MD 相关的基因和多态性，即涉及 5-羟色胺、儿茶酚胺、脑源性神经营养因子和色氨酸代谢的基因和多态性，是研究最多的，其中一些与 PPD 有关。结果存在冲突，有些取决于表观遗传学，这使得数据处于初期阶段。需要进一步研究以确定与 PPD 相关的基因，并确定这些基因与 PPD 之间的关系性质。
