Subramanian Sathish, Blanton Laura V, Frese Steven A, Charbonneau Mark, Mills David A, Gordon Jeffrey I
Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA; Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA.
Departments of Food Science & Technology and Viticulture & Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Cell. 2015 Mar 26;161(1):36-48. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.03.013.
Microbiota assembly is perturbed in children with undernutrition, resulting in persistent microbiota immaturity that is not rescued by current nutritional interventions. Evidence is accumulating that this immaturity is causally related to the pathogenesis of undernutrition and its lingering sequelae. Preclinical models in which human gut communities are replicated in gnotobiotic mice have provided an opportunity to identify and predict the effects of different dietary ingredients on microbiota structure, expressed functions, and host biology. This capacity sets the stage for proof-of-concept tests designed to deliberately shape the developmental trajectory and configurations of microbiota in children representing different geographies, cultural traditions, and states of health. Developing these capabilities for microbial stewardship is timely given the global health burden of childhood undernutrition, the effects of changing eating practices brought about by globalization, and the realization that affordable nutritious foods need to be developed to enhance our capacity to cultivate healthier microbiota in populations at risk for poor nutrition.
营养不良儿童的微生物群组装受到干扰，导致微生物群持续不成熟，目前的营养干预措施无法使其恢复正常。越来越多的证据表明，这种不成熟与营养不良的发病机制及其长期后遗症存在因果关系。在无菌小鼠中复制人类肠道群落的临床前模型为识别和预测不同饮食成分对微生物群结构、表达功能和宿主生物学的影响提供了机会。这种能力为概念验证试验奠定了基础，这些试验旨在有意塑造代表不同地理区域、文化传统和健康状况的儿童微生物群的发育轨迹和组成。鉴于儿童营养不良的全球健康负担、全球化带来的饮食习惯变化的影响，以及认识到需要开发负担得起的营养食品以增强我们在营养不良风险人群中培养更健康微生物群的能力，发展这些微生物管理能力正逢其时。
