Fisher Diana E, Li Chuan-Ming, Hoffman Howard J, Chiu May S, Themann Christa L, Petersen Hannes, Jonsson Palmi V, Jonsson Helgi, Jonasson Fridbert, Sverrisdottir Johanna Eyrun, Launer Lenore J, Eiriksdottir Gudny, Gudnason Vilmundur, Cotch Mary Frances
* Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, Intramural Research Program, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH) , Bethesda, Maryland , USA.
Int J Audiol. 2015;54(9):634-41. doi: 10.3109/14992027.2015.1024889. Epub 2015 Mar 28.
We estimate the prevalence of hearing-aid use in Iceland and identify sex-specific factors associated with use.
Population-based cohort study.
A total of 5172 age, gene/environment susceptibility - Reykjavik study (AGES-RS) participants, aged 67 to 96 years (mean age 76.5 years), who completed air-conduction and pure-tone audiometry.
Hearing-aid use was reported by 23.0% of men and 15.9% of women in the cohort, although among participants with at least moderate hearing loss in the better ear (pure-tone average [PTA] of thresholds at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz ≥ 35 dB hearing level [HL]) it was 49.9% and did not differ by sex. Self-reported hearing loss was the strongest predictor of hearing-aid use in men [OR: 2.68 (95% CI: 1.77, 4.08)] and women [OR: 3.07 (95% CI: 1.94, 4.86)], followed by hearing loss severity based on audiometry. Having diabetes or osteoarthritis were significant positive predictors of use in men, whereas greater physical activity and unimpaired cognitive status were important in women.
Hearing-aid use was comparable in Icelandic men and women with moderate or greater hearing loss. Self-recognition of hearing loss was the factor most predictive of hearing-aid use; other influential factors differed for men and women.
我们估算冰岛使用助听器的患病率，并确定与使用相关的性别特异性因素。
基于人群的队列研究。
共有5172名年龄、基因/环境易感性-雷克雅未克研究（AGES-RS）参与者，年龄在67至96岁之间（平均年龄76.5岁），他们完成了气导和纯音听力测定。
队列中23.0%的男性和15.9%的女性报告使用助听器，不过在较好耳至少有中度听力损失（0.5、1、2和4千赫兹阈值的纯音平均听阈[PTA]≥35分贝听力级[HL]）的参与者中，使用率为49.9%，且无性别差异。自我报告的听力损失是男性[比值比：2.68（95%置信区间：1.77，4.08）]和女性[比值比：3.07（95%置信区间：1.94，4.86）]使用助听器的最强预测因素，其次是基于听力测定的听力损失严重程度。患有糖尿病或骨关节炎是男性使用助听器的显著正向预测因素，而更多的身体活动和未受损的认知状态对女性很重要。
在冰岛，中度或更严重听力损失的男性和女性使用助听器的情况相当。自我认知听力损失是使用助听器最具预测性的因素；其他影响因素在男性和女性中有所不同。
