Carter S E, Jones M, Gladwell V F
Centre for Sports and Exercise Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom.
Centre for Sports and Exercise Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2015 May;25(5):503-9. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.02.006. Epub 2015 Feb 24.
Prolonged sedentary behaviour is associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk and decreased energy expenditure (EE). Workplace interventions breaking up sedentary time have increased EE but the cardiovascular responses are unknown. The practicalities of these interventions, such as required costs and workplace adaptations, are questioned. Calisthenics exercises overcome such limitations, but have not been assessed. The aim of this study was to assess the EE and heart rate (HR) response when breaking up sedentary time with a short bout of standing, walking or calisthenics.
Twenty healthy participants (15 male) completed four 30 min conditions: a) 30 min sitting, or breaking up this period with two minutes of b) standing, c) treadmill walking (4 km·h(-1)) or d) a set of calisthenics exercises (including squats and lunges). HR and EE (indirect calorimetry) were assessed throughout. During the activity break, calisthenics caused the highest HR (90 ± 12 bpm) compared to all other conditions (Sit: 70 ± 12 bpm; Stand:72 ± 13 bpm; Walk:84 ± 10 bpm; p < 0.001) and EE was the highest with calisthenics (13 ± 5 kcal) compared to all conditions except walking (Sit:3 ± 1 kcal; Stand:5 ± 1 kcal; p < 0.001). The recovery following calisthenics had highest total EE (27 ± 7 kcal) compared to walking (23 ± 6 kcal) and standing (22 ± 6 kcal) and also the longest elevation of HR (p < 0.001).
Calisthenics led to a greater total EE and HR response compared to standing or walking interventions. Calisthenics may be a time efficient method to break up sedentary time without individuals leaving their work environment. Hence calisthenics could be utilised to disrupt workplace sedentary time and improve cardiovascular health and assist in weight management.
长时间久坐行为与心血管疾病风险增加及能量消耗（EE）减少有关。打破久坐时间的工作场所干预措施可增加能量消耗，但心血管反应尚不清楚。这些干预措施的实际可行性，如所需成本和工作场所适应性，受到质疑。健身操练习克服了这些限制，但尚未得到评估。本研究的目的是评估通过短时间站立、步行或健身操打破久坐时间时的能量消耗和心率（HR）反应。
20名健康参与者（15名男性）完成了四种30分钟的情况：a）30分钟坐着，或通过两分钟的b）站立、c）跑步机行走（4公里·小时-1）或d）一组健身操练习（包括深蹲和弓步）来打破这段时间。全程评估心率和能量消耗（间接测热法）。在活动休息期间，与所有其他情况相比，健身操导致的心率最高（90±12次/分钟）（坐着：70±12次/分钟；站立：72±13次/分钟；行走：84±10次/分钟；p<0.001），与除行走外的所有情况相比，健身操的能量消耗最高（13±5千卡）（坐着：3±1千卡；站立：5±1千卡；p<0.）。与行走（23±6千卡）和站立（22±6千卡）相比，健身操后的恢复总能量消耗最高（27±7千卡），心率升高时间也最长（p<0.001）。
与站立或行走干预相比，健身操导致更高的总能量消耗和心率反应。健身操可能是一种高效的方法，无需个人离开工作环境即可打破久坐时间。因此，健身操可用于打破工作场所的久坐时间，改善心血管健康并有助于体重管理。
