Supiyev A, Kossumov A, Utepova L, Nurgozhin T, Zhumadilov Z, Bobak M
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK; Center for Life Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Center for Life Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Public Health. 2015 Jul;129(7):948-53. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.02.020. Epub 2015 Mar 25.
Very little is known about prevalence of common cardiovascular risk factors in Central Asia. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of arterial hypertension, and factors associated with these indices in a population sample of Astana, the new capital city of Kazakhstan.
Cross-sectional study of subjects registered in eight outpatient policlinics in Astana.
A total of 497 adults (response rate 56%) aged 50-75 years randomly selected from registers of the policlinics were examined. Hypertension was defined as a mean systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure of ≥140/90 mm Hg and/or antihypertensive medication use during the last two weeks. Awareness and treatment were based on self-report. Hypertension control was defined as blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg among hypertensive subjects.
The overall prevalence of hypertension was 70%. Among hypertensive subjects, 91% were aware of their condition, 77% took antihypertensive medications, and 34% had blood pressure controlled (<140/90 mm Hg). The prevalence of hypertension and its awareness, treatment and control was more common in women, among persons aged 60 years or more and (except control) among those with high body mass index. None of several available socio-economic or lifestyle measures was associated with any of hypertension indices.
The levels of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension were higher than in most Eastern European and Central Asian populations with available data, most likely reflecting high education and large proportion of civil servants in the new capital city. However, even in this privileged population the rates of successful control of hypertension were modest.
中亚地区常见心血管危险因素的患病率鲜为人知。本研究旨在评估哈萨克斯坦新首都阿斯塔纳人群样本中动脉高血压的患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率，以及与这些指标相关的因素。
对阿斯塔纳8家门诊诊所登记的受试者进行横断面研究。
从诊所登记册中随机抽取497名年龄在50 - 75岁的成年人（应答率56%）进行检查。高血压定义为平均收缩压和/或舒张压≥140/90 mmHg，和/或在过去两周内使用抗高血压药物。知晓率和治疗率基于自我报告。高血压控制定义为高血压患者血压<140/90 mmHg。
高血压总体患病率为70%。在高血压患者中，91%知晓自己的病情，77%服用抗高血压药物，34%血压得到控制（<140/90 mmHg）。高血压的患病率及其知晓率、治疗率和控制率在女性、60岁及以上人群中更为常见，在高体重指数人群中（控制率除外）也更为常见。几种可用的社会经济或生活方式指标均与任何高血压指标无关。
高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率高于大多数有数据的东欧和中亚人群，这很可能反映了新首都城市的高教育水平以及公务员的高比例。然而，即使在这个享有特权的人群中，高血压的成功控制率也不高。
