Lee Rachel, Fredrick Douglas
Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California.
Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California.
J AAPOS. 2015 Apr;19(2):163-8.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2015.01.010. Epub 2015 Mar 26.
To identify epidemiologic trends in nonpowder gun-related pediatric eye injuries and to determine factors associated with severe injury requiring hospital admission.
US emergency department data on pediatric eye injuries between 2002 and 2012 were reviewed using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System. Literature review was conducted to determine trends in visual outcomes after treatment and use of eye protection.
In 2012 roughly 3,161 children were treated in US emergency departments for nonpowder gun-related eye injuries. Since 2010 rates of severe nonpowder gun pediatric eye injury have increased by over 500% (P = 0.039). Specifically, while rates of hospital admission due to paintball gun eye injury have dropped precipitously (P = 0.0077), rates of admissions for air gun eye injuries have increased by over 600% since 2010 (P = 0.033). Children sustaining eye injury due to air guns are more likely to be diagnosed and admitted with foreign body or ocular puncture injury. Roughly 28% of documented cases of airsoft or BB gun-related injury had visual acuity worse than 20/50 after initial treatment. Over 98% of injuries occurred without eye protection.
Air guns are rising in popularity and now account for the majority of pediatric eye injuries requiring hospital admissions. These eye injuries occur without ocular protection and may lead to permanent eye injury. Increasing regulations for eye protection, sales, and usage of air guns are needed to prevent serious pediatric eye injuries.
确定与非火药枪相关的儿童眼部损伤的流行病学趋势，并确定与需要住院治疗的严重损伤相关的因素。
使用国家电子伤害监测系统回顾了2002年至2012年美国急诊科关于儿童眼部损伤的数据。进行文献综述以确定治疗后视力结果的趋势以及眼部保护的使用情况。
2012年，美国急诊科约有3161名儿童因非火药枪相关的眼部损伤接受治疗。自2010年以来，严重的非火药枪儿童眼部损伤发生率增加了500%以上（P = 0.039）。具体而言，虽然彩弹枪致眼伤的住院率急剧下降（P = 0.0077），但自2010年以来气枪致眼伤的住院率增加了600%以上（P = 0.033）。因气枪导致眼部受伤的儿童更有可能被诊断并因异物或眼球穿孔伤而住院。在记录的气枪软弹或BB枪相关损伤病例中，约28%在初始治疗后的视力低于20/50。超过98%的损伤发生时未使用眼部保护装置。
气枪越来越受欢迎，现在占需要住院治疗的儿童眼部损伤的大多数。这些眼部损伤在没有眼部保护的情况下发生，可能导致永久性眼损伤。需要加强对气枪眼部保护、销售和使用的监管，以预防严重的儿童眼部损伤。
