Tavakol Elahe, Okagaki Ron, Verderio Gabriele, Shariati J Vahid, Hussien Ahmed, Bilgic Hatice, Scanlon Mike J, Todt Natalie R, Close Timothy J, Druka Arnis, Waugh Robbie, Steuernagel Burkhard, Ariyadasa Ruvini, Himmelbach Axel, Stein Nils, Muehlbauer Gary J, Rossini Laura
Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali-Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, 20133 Milan, Italy (E.T., G.V., A.Hu., L.R.);Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran (E.T.);Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics (R.O., H.B., G.J.M.) and Department of Plant Biology (G.J.M.), University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108;Parco Tecnologico Padano, 26900 Lodi, Italy (V.S.J., L.R.);Department of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (M.J.S., N.R.T.);Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0124 (T.J.C.);James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, United Kingdom (A.D., R.W.); andLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany (B.S., R.A., A.Hi., N.S.).
Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali-Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, 20133 Milan, Italy (E.T., G.V., A.Hu., L.R.);Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran (E.T.);Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics (R.O., H.B., G.J.M.) and Department of Plant Biology (G.J.M.), University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108;Parco Tecnologico Padano, 26900 Lodi, Italy (V.S.J., L.R.);Department of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (M.J.S., N.R.T.);Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0124 (T.J.C.);James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, United Kingdom (A.D., R.W.); andLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany (B.S., R.A., A.Hi., N.S.)
Plant Physiol. 2015 May;168(1):164-74. doi: 10.1104/pp.114.252882. Epub 2015 Mar 27.
Tillers are vegetative branches that develop from axillary buds located in the leaf axils at the base of many grasses. Genetic manipulation of tillering is a major objective in breeding for improved cereal yields and competition with weeds. Despite this, very little is known about the molecular genetic bases of tiller development in important Triticeae crops such as barley (Hordeum vulgare) and wheat (Triticum aestivum). Recessive mutations at the barley Uniculme4 (Cul4) locus cause reduced tillering, deregulation of the number of axillary buds in an axil, and alterations in leaf proximal-distal patterning. We isolated the Cul4 gene by positional cloning and showed that it encodes a BROAD-COMPLEX, TRAMTRACK, BRIC-À-BRAC-ankyrin protein closely related to Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 (BOP1) and BOP2. Morphological, histological, and in situ RNA expression analyses indicate that Cul4 acts at axil and leaf boundary regions to control axillary bud differentiation as well as the development of the ligule, which separates the distal blade and proximal sheath of the leaf. As, to our knowledge, the first functionally characterized BOP gene in monocots, Cul4 suggests the partial conservation of BOP gene function between dicots and monocots, while phylogenetic analyses highlight distinct evolutionary patterns in the two lineages.
分蘖是从许多禾本科植物基部叶腋处的腋芽发育而来的营养枝。对分蘖进行基因操纵是提高谷类作物产量以及与杂草竞争的育种中的一个主要目标。尽管如此，对于诸如大麦（Hordeum vulgare）和小麦（Triticum aestivum）等重要的小麦族作物中，分蘖发育的分子遗传基础却知之甚少。大麦单蘖4（Cul4）位点的隐性突变会导致分蘖减少、叶腋中腋芽数量失调以及叶片近远轴模式改变。我们通过定位克隆分离出了Cul4基因，并表明它编码一种与拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）叶片在叶柄上1（BOP1）和BOP2密切相关的泛素连接酶复合物、TRAMTRACK、BRIC-À-BRAC-锚蛋白。形态学、组织学和原位RNA表达分析表明，Cul4在叶腋和叶边界区域起作用，以控制腋芽分化以及叶舌的发育，叶舌将叶片的远轴叶片和近轴叶鞘分开。据我们所知，Cul4是单子叶植物中首个功能特征明确的BOP基因，这表明双子叶植物和单子叶植物之间BOP基因功能存在部分保守性，而系统发育分析则突出了这两个谱系中不同的进化模式。
