Department of Educational Science and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.
Department of Psychology, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Appetite. 2015 Aug;91:64-8. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.03.022. Epub 2015 Mar 26.
Globally, fruit and vegetable intake is lower than recommended despite being an important component to a healthy diet. Adopting or maintaining a sufficient amount of fruit and vegetables in one's diet may require not only motivation but also self-regulatory processes. Action control and action planning are two key volitional determinants that have been identified in the literature; however, it is not fully understood how these two factors operate between intention and behavior. Thus, the aim of the current study was to explore the roles of action control and action planning as mediators between intentions and dietary behavior. A longitudinal study with three points in time was conducted. Participants (N = 286) were undergraduate students and invited to participate in a health behavior survey. At baseline (Time 1), measures of intention and fruit and vegetable intake were assessed. Two weeks later (Time 2), action control and action planning were assessed as putative sequential mediators. At Time 3 (two weeks after Time 2), fruit and vegetable consumption was measured as the outcome. The results revealed action control and action planning to sequentially mediate between intention and subsequent fruit and vegetable intake, controlling for baseline behavior. Both self-regulatory constructs, action control and action planning, make a difference when moving from motivation to action. Our preliminary evidence, therefore, suggests that planning may be more proximal to fruit and vegetable intake than action control. Further research, however, needs to be undertaken to substantiate this conclusion.
全球范围内，尽管水果和蔬菜是健康饮食的重要组成部分，但人们的摄入量仍低于建议量。要在饮食中摄入足够的水果和蔬菜，不仅需要动力，还需要自我调节过程。行动控制和行动规划是文献中确定的两个关键意志决定因素；然而，这两个因素如何在意图和行为之间运作还不完全清楚。因此，本研究旨在探讨行动控制和行动规划作为意图和饮食行为之间的中介因素的作用。本研究采用了一个具有三个时间点的纵向研究。参与者（N=286）为本科生，邀请他们参加一项健康行为调查。在基线（时间 1），评估了意图和水果及蔬菜摄入量。两周后（时间 2），评估了行动控制和行动规划作为可能的顺序中介因素。在第三次（时间 2 两周后），测量了水果和蔬菜的摄入量作为结果。结果表明，行动控制和行动规划在意图和随后的水果及蔬菜摄入量之间进行了顺序中介，控制了基线行为。这两个自我调节结构，行动控制和行动规划，在从动机到行动的过程中发挥了作用。因此，我们初步的证据表明，计划可能比行动控制更接近水果和蔬菜的摄入量。然而，需要进一步的研究来证实这一结论。
