Gopinath Bamini, Flood Victoria M, Kifley Annette, Liew Gerald, Mitchell Paul
Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney and St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
PLoS One. 2015 Mar 30;10(3):e0122548. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122548. eCollection 2015.
We aimed to compare the micronutrient usage and other lifestyle behaviors over 10 years among those with and without age-related macular degeneration (AMD). 1612 participants aged 49+ years at baseline were re-examined over 10 years, west of Sydney, Australia. AMD was assessed from retinal photographs. Dietary data were collected using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Smoking status was self-reported. 56 participants had any AMD at baseline, of these 25% quit smoking at 5 years and were still not smoking at 10-year follow-up. Among participants who had below the recommended intake of vitamins A, C or E supplements at baseline, those who did compared to those who did not develop late AMD over 10 years were more likely to report vitamins A (total), C or E supplement intake above the recommended intake at 10-year follow-up: multivariable-adjusted OR 4.21 (95% CI 1.65-10.73); OR 6.52 (95% CI 2.76-15.41); and OR 5.71 (95% CI 2.42-13.51), respectively. Participants with compared to without AMD did not appreciably increase fish, fruit and vegetable consumption and overall diet quality. Adherence to smoking and dietary recommendations was poor among older adults with AMD. However, uptake of antioxidant supplements increased significantly among those with late AMD.
我们旨在比较年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）患者与非AMD患者在10年期间的微量营养素使用情况及其他生活方式行为。在澳大利亚悉尼西部，对1612名基线年龄在49岁及以上的参与者进行了为期10年的重新检查。通过视网膜照片评估AMD。使用半定量食物频率问卷收集饮食数据。吸烟状况通过自我报告获得。56名参与者在基线时患有任何AMD，其中25%在5年时戒烟，在10年随访时仍未吸烟。在基线时维生素A、C或E补充剂摄入量低于推荐摄入量的参与者中，与10年内未发生晚期AMD的参与者相比，发生晚期AMD的参与者在10年随访时更有可能报告维生素A（总量）、C或E补充剂摄入量高于推荐摄入量：多变量调整后的比值比分别为4.21（95%置信区间1.65 - 10.73）；6.52（95%置信区间2.76 - 15.4）；以及5.71（95%置信区间2.42 - 13.51）。与无AMD的参与者相比，有AMD的参与者在鱼类、水果和蔬菜摄入量及总体饮食质量方面没有明显增加。患有AMD的老年人对吸烟和饮食建议的依从性较差。然而，晚期AMD患者对抗氧化补充剂的摄入量显著增加。
