Del-Valle-Soto Carolina, Mex-Perera Carlos, Monroy Raul, Nolazco-Flores Juan Arturo
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada #2501 Sur, Monterrey, NL 64849, Mexico.
School of Science and Engineering, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Estado de México, Carretera al lago de Guadalupe Km 3.5, Col. Margarita M. de Juárez, Atizapán 52926, Mexico.
Sensors (Basel). 2015 Mar 27;15(4):7619-49. doi: 10.3390/s150407619.
In this work, we compare a recently proposed routing protocol, the multi-parent hierarchical (MPH) protocol, with two well-known protocols, the ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) and dynamic source routing (DSR). For this purpose, we have developed a simulator, which faithfully reifies the workings of a given protocol, considering a fixed, reconfigurable ad hoc network given by the number and location of participants, and general network conditions. We consider a scenario that can be found in a large number of wireless sensor network applications, a single sink node that collects all of the information generated by the sensors. The metrics used to compare the protocols were the number of packet retransmissions, carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) inner loop retries, the number of nodes answering the queries from the coordinator (sink) node and the energy consumption. We tested the network under ordinary (without attacks) conditions (and combinations thereof) and when it is subject to different types of jamming attacks (in particular, random and reactive jamming attacks), considering several positions for the jammer. Our results report that MPH has a greater ability to tolerate such attacks than DSR and AODV, since it minimizes and encapsulates the network segment under attack. The self-configuring capabilities of MPH derived from a combination of a proactive routes update, on a periodic-time basis, and a reactive behavior provide higher resilience while offering a better performance (overhead and energy consumption) than AODV and DSR, as shown in our simulation results.
在这项工作中，我们将一种最近提出的路由协议——多父分层（MPH）协议，与两种著名的协议——自组网按需距离矢量（AODV）协议和动态源路由（DSR）协议进行了比较。为此，我们开发了一个模拟器，该模拟器能如实地再现给定协议的运行情况，同时考虑到由参与者数量和位置所确定的固定、可重新配置的自组网以及一般网络条件。我们考虑了一种在大量无线传感器网络应用中都能找到的场景，即有一个单一的汇聚节点来收集传感器生成的所有信息。用于比较这些协议的指标有数据包重传次数、载波侦听多路访问（CSMA）内环重试次数、响应协调器（汇聚）节点查询的节点数量以及能耗。我们在普通（无攻击）条件下（以及这些条件的组合）对网络进行了测试，并且当网络受到不同类型的干扰攻击时（特别是随机干扰和反应式干扰攻击），考虑了干扰器的几个位置。我们的结果表明，MPH比DSR和AODV具有更强的容忍此类攻击的能力，因为它能最小化并封装受攻击的网络段。如我们的模拟结果所示，MPH通过定期主动更新路由和反应式行为相结合所产生的自配置能力，提供了更高的弹性，同时与AODV和DSR相比，具有更好的性能（开销和能耗）。
