Glanville Nicholas, Johnston Sebastian L
Airway Disease Infection Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom.
Airway Disease Infection Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom.
Curr Opin Virol. 2015 Apr;11:83-8. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2015.03.004. Epub 2015 Mar 29.
A great burden of disease is attributable to human rhinovirus (HRV) infections which are the major cause of the common cold, exacerbations of both asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and are associated with asthma development. Despite this there is currently no vaccine for HRV. The first vaccine studies showed some promise in terms of serotype-specific protection against cold symptoms, but antigenic heterogeneity amongst the >150 HRVs has been regarded as a major barrier to effective vaccine development and has resulted in little progress over 50 years. Here we review those vaccine studies conducted to date, discuss the difficulties posed by antigenic heterogeneity and describe some recent advances in generating cross-reactive antibodies and T cell responses using peptide immunogens.
人类鼻病毒（HRV）感染导致了巨大的疾病负担，HRV是普通感冒的主要病因，可加重哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD），并与哮喘的发生有关。尽管如此，目前尚无针对HRV的疫苗。首批疫苗研究在针对感冒症状的血清型特异性保护方面显示出一些希望，但超过150种HRV之间的抗原异质性被认为是有效疫苗开发的主要障碍，导致50多年来进展甚微。在此，我们回顾了迄今为止进行的那些疫苗研究，讨论了抗原异质性带来的困难，并描述了使用肽免疫原产生交叉反应性抗体和T细胞反应方面的一些最新进展。
