Xu Jing, Zhao Qingshan, Qu Yanyan, Ye Fei
College of Science, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030 Harbin, Heilongjiang People's Republic of China.
J Food Sci Technol. 2015 Apr;52(4):1982-92. doi: 10.1007/s13197-013-1220-7. Epub 2013 Dec 15.
Highly denatured soybean meal is a by-product of soybean oil extraction obtained through high-temperature desolventization. High-temperature treatment can result in soybean protein denaturation. Compare with ordinary soybean meal, the protein structure of highly denatured soybean meal has changed. Highly denatured soybean meal was pretreated with thermal treatment or ultrasonication, and then hydrolyzed with neutrase. The ultrasonicated hydrolysate exhibited better antioxidant activity than the thermally treated hydrolysate. The ultrasonication increased 1,1-diphenyl-2-pycryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity by 8.31 % and reduction capacity by 10.19 %. The highly denatured soybean meal hydrolysate ultrasonicated at 400 W exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was 56.22 % and reduction capacity was 0.717. The ultrasonicated hydrolysate at 400 W was fractionated using ultrafiltration into three fractions: I (>10 kDa), II (5 kDa to 10 kDa), and III (<5 kDa). The in vitro antioxidant activity and others in vivo anti-exercise-fatigue effect of the three fractions (I, II, and III) were determined. Fraction III exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity and reduction capacity, improved the hemoglobin and hepatic glycogen content and reduced blood urea nitrogen and blood lactic acid. Fraction III improved the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and reduced the malonaldehyde (MDA) content in mouse livers. Therefore, the highly denatured soybean meal hydrolysate has an anti-oxidative effect and it significantly alleviates exercise-fatigue in mice. Amino acids of hydrolysate were determined. Results showed that the antioxidant activity and anti-exercise-fatigue effect were related to the amino acid compositions.
高度变性豆粕是大豆油提取过程中通过高温脱溶获得的副产品。高温处理会导致大豆蛋白变性。与普通豆粕相比，高度变性豆粕的蛋白质结构发生了变化。对高度变性豆粕进行热处理或超声处理预处理，然后用中性蛋白酶水解。超声水解产物比热处理水解产物表现出更好的抗氧化活性。超声处理使1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼（DPPH）自由基清除活性提高了8.31%，还原能力提高了10.19%。在400W功率下超声处理的高度变性豆粕水解产物表现出最高的抗氧化活性。DPPH自由基清除活性为56.22%，还原能力为0.717。将400W功率下超声处理的水解产物用超滤法分为三个组分：I（>10kDa）、II（5kDa至10kDa）和III（<5kDa）。测定了这三个组分（I、II和III）的体外抗氧化活性以及其他体内抗运动疲劳作用。组分III表现出最高的DPPH自由基清除活性和还原能力，提高了血红蛋白和肝糖原含量，降低了血尿素氮和血乳酸。组分III提高了小鼠肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）的活性，降低了丙二醛（MDA）含量。因此，高度变性豆粕水解产物具有抗氧化作用，能显著减轻小鼠的运动疲劳。测定了水解产物的氨基酸。结果表明，抗氧化活性和抗运动疲劳作用与氨基酸组成有关。
