Fröhlich J, Kullmer T, Urhausen A, Bergmann R, Kindermann W
Department of Sports and Performance Medicine, University of Saarland, Saarbrücken, Federal Republic of Germany.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1989;59(1-2):98-103. doi: 10.1007/BF02396586.
Twenty-four top-level body builders [13 anabolic steroid users (A); 11 non-users (N)] and 11 performance-matched controls (C) were examined to determine the effect on lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins of many years of body building with and without simultaneous intake of anabolic steroids and testosterone. After an overnight fast, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TOTC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), the HDLC subfractions HDL2C and HDL3C, as well as apolipoprotein A-I (Apo A-I), apolipoprotein A-II (Apo A-II) and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) were determined. Both A and N, compared to C, showed significantly lower HDLC and higher LDLC concentrations, with the differences between A and C clearly pronounced. In a subgroup of 6 body builders taking anabolic steroids at the time of the study, HDLC, HDL2C, HDL3C, Apo A-I and Apo A-II were all significantly lower and LDLC was significantly higher than in a second subgroup of 7 body builders who had discontinued their intake of anabolic steroids at least 4 weeks prior to the study. In some single cases HDLC was barely detectable (2-7 mg.dl-1). The TG and TOTC remained unchanged. The present findings suggest that many years of body building among top-level athletes have no beneficial effect on lipoproteins and apolipoproteins. Simultaneous use of anabolic steroids results in part in extreme alterations in lipoproteins and apolipoproteins, representing an atherogenic profile. After discontinuing the use of anabolic steroids, the changes in lipid metabolism appear to be reversible.
对24名顶级健美运动员[13名使用合成代谢类固醇者（A组）；11名未使用者（N组）]和11名体能匹配的对照组（C组）进行了检查，以确定多年进行健美运动且同时或不同时摄入合成代谢类固醇和睾酮对脂质、脂蛋白和载脂蛋白的影响。经过一夜禁食后，测定了甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TOTC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDLC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDLC）、HDLC亚组分HDL2C和HDL3C，以及载脂蛋白A-I（Apo A-I）、载脂蛋白A-II（Apo A-II）和载脂蛋白B（Apo B）。与C组相比，A组和N组的HDLC浓度均显著降低，LDLC浓度均显著升高，A组与C组之间的差异尤为明显。在研究时正在服用合成代谢类固醇的6名健美运动员亚组中，HDLC、HDL2C、HDL3C、Apo A-I和Apo A-II均显著低于在研究前至少4周已停止服用合成代谢类固醇的7名健美运动员亚组，而LDLC则显著高于该亚组。在一些个别病例中，HDLC几乎检测不到（2 - 7mg·dl-1）。TG和TOTC保持不变。目前的研究结果表明，顶级运动员多年的健美运动对脂蛋白和载脂蛋白没有有益影响。同时使用合成代谢类固醇会部分导致脂蛋白和载脂蛋白的极端改变，呈现出致动脉粥样硬化的特征。停止使用合成代谢类固醇后，脂质代谢的变化似乎是可逆的。
