Hashtroudi S, Parker E S, Luis J D, Reisen C A
Department of Psychology, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052.
Exp Aging Res. 1989 Spring-Summer;15(1-2):73-8. doi: 10.1080/03610738908259760.
This study examined the effects of elaborative processing in older adults using the same technique employed in an earlier study (Hashtroudi, Parker, DeLisi, & Wyatt, 1983) on acute alcohol amnesia. Older and younger adults either generated elaborators or were provided with elaborators. Elaborators were either precise or imprecise. Generation, in particular generation of precise elaborators, was effective in enhancing older subjects' level of recall and reducing age differences in memory. It is suggested that active involvement in elaborative processing enables older adults to take advantage of elaboration. Similarities and differences between memory decrements associated with aging and with alcohol intoxication are discussed.
本研究采用早期一项研究（哈什特鲁迪、帕克、德利西和怀亚特，1983年）中使用的相同技术，考察了精细加工对老年人急性酒精性失忆的影响。老年人和年轻人要么自行生成详述内容，要么被给予详述内容。详述内容要么精确，要么不精确。自行生成，尤其是生成精确的详述内容，在提高老年受试者的回忆水平和减少记忆方面的年龄差异方面是有效的。研究表明，积极参与精细加工能使老年人利用详述的优势。文中还讨论了与衰老和酒精中毒相关的记忆衰退之间的异同。
