Lucas Samuel J E, Cotter James D, Brassard Patrice, Bailey Damian M
1] School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK [2] Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2015 Jun;35(6):902-11. doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2015.49. Epub 2015 Apr 1.
Exercise is a uniquely effective and pluripotent medicine against several noncommunicable diseases of westernised lifestyles, including protection against neurodegenerative disorders. High-intensity interval exercise training (HIT) is emerging as an effective alternative to current health-related exercise guidelines. Compared with traditional moderate-intensity continuous exercise training, HIT confers equivalent if not indeed superior metabolic, cardiac, and systemic vascular adaptation. Consequently, HIT is being promoted as a more time-efficient and practical approach to optimize health thereby reducing the burden of disease associated with physical inactivity. However, no studies to date have examined the impact of HIT on the cerebrovasculature and corresponding implications for cognitive function. This review critiques the implications of HIT for cerebrovascular function, with a focus on the mechanisms and translational impact for patient health and well-being. It also introduces similarly novel interventions currently under investigation as alternative means of accelerating exercise-induced cerebrovascular adaptation. We highlight a need for studies of the mechanisms and thereby also the optimal dose-response strategies to guide exercise prescription, and for studies to explore alternative approaches to optimize exercise outcomes in brain-related health and disease prevention. From a clinical perspective, interventions that selectively target the aging brain have the potential to prevent stroke and associated neurovascular diseases.
运动是一种针对西方化生活方式引发的多种非传染性疾病具有独特效果和多能性的药物，包括预防神经退行性疾病。高强度间歇运动训练（HIT）正在成为当前健康相关运动指南的一种有效替代方式。与传统的中等强度持续运动训练相比，HIT即使没有带来更优的代谢、心脏和全身血管适应性，至少也能带来相当的适应性。因此，HIT被推崇为一种更节省时间且实用的方法，以优化健康状况，从而减轻与身体活动不足相关的疾病负担。然而，迄今为止尚无研究考察HIT对脑血管系统的影响以及对认知功能的相应影响。本综述对HIT对脑血管功能的影响进行了批判性分析，重点关注其机制以及对患者健康和福祉的转化影响。它还介绍了目前正在研究的类似新颖干预措施，作为加速运动诱导的脑血管适应性的替代方法。我们强调需要开展关于机制的研究，进而也需要研究最佳剂量反应策略以指导运动处方制定，还需要开展研究以探索优化与大脑相关的健康和疾病预防中运动效果的替代方法。从临床角度来看，选择性针对衰老大脑的干预措施有可能预防中风及相关神经血管疾病。
