Zeng Q F, Bai P, Wang J P, Ding X M, Luo Y H, Bai S P, Xuan Y, Su Z W, Lin S Q, Zhao L J, Zhang K Y
Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130
Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130.
Poult Sci. 2015 Jun;94(6):1277-86. doi: 10.3382/ps/pev070. Epub 2015 Mar 31.
The objective of this study was to investigate the responses of meat ducks of 15 to 35 d of age to free gossypol (FG) from cottonseed meal (CSM) and to establish the maximum limits of dietary FG concentration based on growth performance, blood parameters, and tissue residues of gossypol. Nine hundred 15-d-old ducks were randomly allocated to 5 treatments with 10 cages/treatment and 18 ducks/cage on the basis of BW. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric experimental diets were formulated on a digestible amino acid basis to produce diets in which 0% (without FG), 25% (36 mg FG/kg), 50% (75 mg FG/kg), 75% (111 mg FG/kg), and 100% (153 mg FG/kg) of protein from soybean meal were replaced by that from CSM. Increasing dietary FG content, BW, and ADG decreased (linearly, P<0.05, except for ADG of days 29 to 35), and F/G linearly increased (P<0.05). At 35 d, blood hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration linearly decreased (P<0.05), while serum total protein, albumin, and globulin content linearly decreased (P<0.05), and the residue of gossypol in liver, kidney, heart, breast, and leg muscle linearly increased (P<0.001) with increases in dietary FG concentration. Ducks fed 36 mg FG/kg (5.83% CSM of diet) diet had a normal histological structure of liver, and muscle (breast and leg) had no residue of gossypol. The maximum limit of dietary FG concentration was estimated to range from a low of 36 mg/kg to maximize serum globulin concentration to a high of 124 mg/kg to minimize feed intake for 22 to 28 d on the basis of a quadratic broken-line model.
本研究的目的是调查15至35日龄肉鸭对棉籽粕中游离棉酚（FG）的反应，并根据生长性能、血液参数和棉酚的组织残留量确定日粮中FG浓度的最大限量。将900只15日龄的鸭子按体重随机分为5个处理组，每个处理10个笼子，每个笼子18只鸭子。以可消化氨基酸为基础配制了5种等氮等热的实验日粮，以生产出用棉籽粕替代0%（无FG）、25%（36毫克FG/千克）、50%（75毫克FG/千克）、75%（111毫克FG/千克）和100%（153毫克FG/千克）豆粕蛋白质的日粮。随着日粮FG含量的增加，体重和平均日增重下降（呈线性，P<0.05，但29至35日龄的平均日增重除外），料重比呈线性增加（P<0.05）。在35日龄时，血液血红蛋白、平均红细胞血红蛋白和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度呈线性下降（P<0.05），而血清总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白含量呈线性下降（P<0.05），随着日粮FG浓度的增加，肝脏、肾脏、心脏、胸肌和腿肌中的棉酚残留量呈线性增加（P<0.001）。饲喂36毫克FG/千克（日粮中棉籽粕含量为5.83%）日粮的鸭子肝脏组织结构正常，肌肉（胸肌和腿肌）中无棉酚残留。根据二次折线模型，日粮FG浓度的最大限量估计范围为低至36毫克/千克以最大化血清球蛋白浓度，高至124毫克/千克以最小化22至28日龄的采食量。
