Holden Sinéad, Boreham Colin, Doherty Cailbhe, Wang Dan, Delahunt Eamonn
School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2015 Jun;30(5):469-74. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2015.03.008. Epub 2015 Mar 11.
Adolescent females have been reported to have a higher risk of non-contact knee joint injuries compared to their male counterparts, with deficiencies in neuromuscular control being purported to be the primary differentiating factor. As such, assessment of movement quality during functional screening tests in this population is warranted. Widespread implementation of such screening requires clinically accessible screening measures and normative data. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to provide normative data for clinical analysis of landing kinematics in early adolescent male and female athletes, with a corollary of determining whether a difference between the sexes is evident with such screening.
Ninety seven male and 84 female athletes (mean age=13±1.41years) in the first year of high school participated. Each participant performed 3 countermovement jump trials. Frontal and sagittal plane knee joint angles were recorded by video cameras for both dominant and non-dominant limbs. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to determine the effect of sex on the dependent variables.
Males displayed significantly greater knee flexion prior to initial contact (P<0.001) and knee varus displacement (P<0.001). No differences were observed between males and females for max knee flexion (P>0.05).
Early adolescent female athletes demonstrate less desirable landing biomechanics than their male peers. The first year in high school, when early adolescent females are first exposed to high school sports, may be an ideal time to assess movement quality during functional tasks and intervene with injury prevention programs if necessary.
据报道，与男性青少年相比，女性青少年发生非接触性膝关节损伤的风险更高，神经肌肉控制缺陷被认为是主要的区别因素。因此，有必要对该人群进行功能筛查测试时的运动质量进行评估。广泛实施此类筛查需要临床可及的筛查措施和规范数据。因此，本研究的目的是为青少年早期男女运动员着陆运动学的临床分析提供规范数据，同时确定通过此类筛查男女之间是否存在明显差异。
97名男性和84名女性运动员（平均年龄 = 13 ± 1.41岁）参与了本研究，他们均为高中一年级学生。每位参与者进行3次反向运动跳跃试验。通过摄像机记录优势侧和非优势侧肢体在额状面和矢状面的膝关节角度。采用多变量方差分析（MANOVA）来确定性别对因变量的影响。
男性在初始接触前的膝关节屈曲角度（P < 0.001）和膝关节内翻位移（P < 0.001）显著更大。男女之间的最大膝关节屈曲角度无差异（P > 0.05）。
青少年早期女性运动员的着陆生物力学表现不如男性同龄人理想。高中一年级是青少年早期女性首次接触高中体育活动的时期，这可能是评估功能任务期间运动质量并在必要时实施预防损伤计划的理想时机。
