Thompson Nancy J, McGee Robin E, Feng Jia
a Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2016;17(2):195-201. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2015.1020420. Epub 2015 Apr 2.
This study was designed to investigate the 15-year impact of Georgia's graduated drivers' licensing (GDL) law, the "Teenage and Adult Driver Responsibility Act" (TADRA), on fatality crashes among young drivers.
Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) data for Georgia and Census denominators were used to determine fatal crash rates (FCRs) of drivers ages 16 through 19 who passed through the Georgia GDL system during the 5.5 years prior to through 15.5 years after TADRA's implementation. FCRs of younger drivers were compared to those of drivers ages 20-54 and 55-75 and compared by gender. Attention was given to speeding- and alcohol-related crashes, 2 foci of TADRA.
The decline in FCRs has been maintained and even increased through 15.5 years after passage of the law. Extending the curfew and further limiting passengers (passed in 2001) and driver's education and supervised driving requirements (added in 2007) may have contributed. The greatest declines were among 16- and 17-year-olds; most of the gains were among male drivers. The changes were greatest for alcohol- and speeding-related crashes. Those 18 and 19 years old did not demonstrate an increase in FCR over the period studied.
Georgia's graduated licensing law, TADRA, has maintained and in some instances increased in effectiveness over the 15.5 years since its inception. Though national research suggests that GDL laws are associated with increased crash rates among 18- to 19-year-old drivers, this has not occurred in Georgia; 18- and 19-year-olds demonstrated no change or reductions in FCR over the 20.5-year period evaluated. Declines were greatest for those driving behaviors targeted by the law.
本研究旨在调查佐治亚州分级驾照许可法，即《青少年及成人驾驶员责任法案》（TADRA）对年轻驾驶员致命撞车事故的15年影响。
使用佐治亚州的致命事故分析报告系统（FARS）数据和人口普查分母来确定在TADRA实施前5.5年至实施后15.5年期间通过佐治亚州分级驾照许可系统的16至19岁驾驶员的致命撞车率（FCR）。将年轻驾驶员的FCR与20 - 54岁和55 - 75岁驾驶员的FCR进行比较，并按性别进行比较。关注与超速和酒精相关的撞车事故，这是TADRA的两个重点。
法律通过后的15.5年里，FCR持续下降，甚至有所增加。延长宵禁时间、进一步限制乘客数量（2001年通过）以及驾驶员教育和监督驾驶要求（2007年增加）可能起到了作用。降幅最大的是16岁和17岁的驾驶员；大部分改善是在男性驾驶员中。与酒精和超速相关的撞车事故变化最大。在研究期间，18岁和19岁的驾驶员FCR没有增加。
佐治亚州的分级驾照许可法TADRA自实施以来的15.5年里，其有效性得以维持，在某些情况下甚至有所提高。尽管全国性研究表明分级驾照许可法与18至19岁驾驶员撞车率上升有关，但在佐治亚州并未出现这种情况；在评估的20.5年期间，18岁和19岁的驾驶员FCR没有变化或有所下降。针对该法律所针对的驾驶行为，降幅最大。
