Gabriël S, Johansen M V, Pozio E, Smit G S A, Devleesschauwer B, Allepuz A, Papadopoulos E, van der Giessen J, Dorny P
Institute of Tropical Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Dyrlægevej 100, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Vet Parasitol. 2015 Sep 30;213(1-2):38-45. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.03.006. Epub 2015 Mar 20.
Taenia solium taeniasis/cysticercosis is a neglected zoonotic disease complex occurring primarily in developing countries. Though claimed eradicated from the European Union (EU), an increasing number of human neurocysticercosis cases is being detected. Risk factors such as human migration and movement of pigs/pork, as well as the increasing trend in pig rearing with outside access are discussed in this review. The entry of a tapeworm carrier into the EU seems a lot more plausible than the import of infected pork. The establishment of local transmission in the EU is presently very unlikely. However, considering the potential changes in risk factors, such as the increasing trend in pig farming with outdoor access, the increasing human migration from endemic areas into the EU, this situation might change, warranting the establishment of an early warning system, which should include disease notification of taeniasis/cysticercosis both in human and animal hosts. As currently human-to-human transmission is the highest risk, prevention strategies should focus on the early detection and treatment of tapeworm carriers, and should be designed in a concerted way, across the EU and across the different sectors.
猪带绦虫病/囊尾蚴病是一种主要在发展中国家出现的被忽视的人畜共患疾病复合体。尽管声称已在欧盟（EU）根除，但仍检测到越来越多的人类神经囊尾蚴病病例。本综述讨论了人类迁移和猪/猪肉流动等风险因素，以及户外养猪趋势的增加。绦虫携带者进入欧盟似乎比进口受感染猪肉更有可能。目前在欧盟建立本地传播的可能性非常小。然而，考虑到风险因素的潜在变化，如户外养猪趋势的增加、从流行地区迁入欧盟的人类移民增加，这种情况可能会改变，因此有必要建立一个预警系统，其中应包括人类和动物宿主中猪带绦虫病/囊尾蚴病的疾病通报。由于目前人与人之间的传播风险最高，预防策略应侧重于绦虫携带者的早期检测和治疗，并且应以协调一致的方式在整个欧盟和不同部门进行设计。
