Janssen Eva, van Kann Dave, de Vries Hein, Lechner Lilian, van Osch Liesbeth
Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Public Health and Primary Care (Caphri), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands and Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, School for Public Health and Primary Care (Caphri), Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, The Netherlands
Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Public Health and Primary Care (Caphri), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands and Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, School for Public Health and Primary Care (Caphri), Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
Health Educ Res. 2015 Jun;30(3):380-7. doi: 10.1093/her/cyv013. Epub 2015 Apr 2.
This study investigated sun protective behavior during snow sports and its psychosocial determinants. A longitudinal study was conducted among 418 Dutch adults who planned to go on a ski holiday. Participants were asked to fill in a questionnaire before and after their ski trip. In the baseline questionnaire several psychosocial factors were measured (i.e. knowledge, risk perception, worry, attitude, social influence, self-efficacy and intention). At follow-up, sunscreen use and frequency of sunburns were measured. The results showed that, despite their generally high intention, a substantial part of the respondents (40%) did not use sunscreen adequately during their ski holiday. Furthermore, one-fourth of the respondents reported at least one sunburn during their ski holiday. Men and younger respondents used sunscreen less frequently and were sunburnt more often. Sunscreen use was predicted by a positive attitude, high self-efficacy levels, high intention, high knowledge and high perceived risk. The background and psychosocial variables explained 32% of the total variance of sunscreen use. Suggestions for future research and interventions are discussed.
本研究调查了雪上运动期间的防晒行为及其心理社会决定因素。对418名计划去滑雪度假的荷兰成年人进行了一项纵向研究。参与者在滑雪旅行前后被要求填写一份问卷。在基线问卷中，测量了几个心理社会因素（即知识、风险认知、担忧、态度、社会影响、自我效能感和意图）。在随访时，测量了防晒霜的使用情况和晒伤频率。结果表明，尽管大多数受访者有较高的意愿，但相当一部分受访者（40%）在滑雪度假期间没有充分使用防晒霜。此外，四分之一的受访者报告在滑雪度假期间至少有一次晒伤。男性和年轻受访者使用防晒霜的频率较低，晒伤的频率更高。积极的态度、较高的自我效能感水平、较高的意愿、较高的知识水平和较高的感知风险可预测防晒霜的使用情况。背景和心理社会变量解释了防晒霜使用总方差的32%。讨论了对未来研究和干预措施的建议。
