Brandner J M, Zorn-Kruppa M, Yoshida T, Moll I, Beck L A, De Benedetto A
Department of Dermatology and Venereology; University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf ; Hamburg, Germany.
Department of Dermatology; University of Rochester Medical Center ; Rochester, NY USA.
Tissue Barriers. 2015 Apr 3;3(1-2):e974451. doi: 10.4161/21688370.2014.974451. eCollection 2015.
The skin, the largest organ of the body, is an essential barrier that under homeostatic conditions efficiently protects and/or minimizes damage from both environmental (e.g. microorganisms, physical trauma, ultraviolet radiation) and endogenous (e.g., cancers, inflammation) factors. This formidable barrier function resides mainly in the epidermis, a dynamic, highly-stratified epithelium. The epidermis has 2 major barrier structures: stratum corneum, the outmost layer and tight junctions, intercellular junctions that seal adjacent keratinocytes in the stratum granulosum, found below the stratum corneum. In recent years there have been significant advances in our understanding of tight junction function, composition and regulation. Herein we review what is known about tight junctions in healthy skin and keratinocyte culture systems and highlight the dynamic crosstalk observed between tight junctions and the cutaneous immune system. Finally we discuss the preliminary observations suggesting that tight junction function or protein expression may be relevant for the pathogenesis of a number of common cutaneous inflammatory and neoplastic conditions.
皮肤是人体最大的器官，是一道重要的屏障，在稳态条件下能有效保护身体和/或使来自环境（如微生物、物理创伤、紫外线辐射）和内源性（如癌症、炎症）因素的损害降至最低。这种强大的屏障功能主要存在于表皮，即一种动态的、高度分层的上皮组织。表皮有两种主要的屏障结构：角质层，即最外层；以及紧密连接，一种细胞间连接，可封闭角质形成细胞在角质层下方颗粒层中的相邻细胞。近年来，我们对紧密连接的功能、组成和调节的理解取得了重大进展。在此，我们综述了健康皮肤和角质形成细胞培养系统中关于紧密连接的已知情况，并强调了紧密连接与皮肤免疫系统之间观察到的动态相互作用。最后，我们讨论了初步观察结果，这些结果表明紧密连接功能或蛋白质表达可能与多种常见皮肤炎症和肿瘤性疾病的发病机制有关。
