Laurier Dominique, Gay Didier
Rev Prat. 2015 Jan;65(1):74-8.
This article presents an overview of current knowledge about natural sources of radiation exposure and potential associated health risks. Natural radioactivity constitutes the main source of exposure to ionizing radiation of the French and world population. Exposure is both external (telluric and cosmic rays) and internal (radon inhalation and ingestion of radionuclides from food and drinking water). It varies according to altitude, geology, and individual way of life (housing, food habits). Epidemiological studies demonstrated an excess risk of lung cancer associated to domestic radon exposure, ranking radon at the second place of known lung cancer risk factors after smoking. Data currently available do not allow concluding to risks associated to other natural sources of exposure to ionizing radiation.
本文概述了当前关于天然辐射暴露源及潜在相关健康风险的知识。天然放射性是法国和世界人口电离辐射暴露的主要来源。暴露途径包括外部（来自地球和宇宙射线）和内部（吸入氡以及从食物和饮用水中摄入放射性核素）。其暴露量因海拔、地质以及个人生活方式（住房、饮食习惯）而异。流行病学研究表明，家庭氡暴露与肺癌风险增加有关，氡在已知肺癌风险因素中仅次于吸烟，位居第二。目前可得的数据尚无法确定与其他天然电离辐射暴露源相关的风险。
