Wang Chao, Luo Fei, Zhou Ying, Du Xiaoling, Shi Jiandang, Zhao Xiaoling, Xu Yong, Zhu Yan, Hong Wei, Zhang Ju
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Bioactive Materials Key Lab of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China.
Exp Cell Res. 2016 Jul 15;345(2):125-33. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.03.026. Epub 2015 Apr 4.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the major disorders of the urinary system in elderly men. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is the main component of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and has nerve protective, anti-inflammatory and tumour-growth inhibitory effects. Here, the therapeutic potential of DHA in treating BPH was investigated. Seal oil effectively prevented the development of prostatic hyperplasia induced by oestradiol/testosterone in a rat model by suppressing the increase of the prostatic index (PI), reducing the thickness of the peri-glandular smooth muscle layer, inhibiting the proliferation of both prostate epithelial and stromal cells, and downregulating the expression of androgen receptor (AR) and oestrogen receptor α (ERα). An in vitro study showed that DHA inhibited the growth of the human prostate stromal cell line WPMY-1 and the epithelial cell line RWPE-1 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In both cell lines, the DHA arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. In addition, DHA also reduced the expression of ERα and AR in the WPMY-1 and RWPE-1 cells. These results indicate that DHA inhibits the multiplication of prostate stromal and epithelial cells through a mechanism that may involve cell cycle arrest and the downregulation of ERα and AR expression.
良性前列腺增生（BPH）是老年男性泌尿系统的主要疾病之一。二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）是n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 PUFAs）的主要成分，具有神经保护、抗炎和抑制肿瘤生长的作用。在此，研究了DHA治疗BPH的潜在疗效。在大鼠模型中，海豹油通过抑制前列腺指数（PI）的增加、减小腺周平滑肌层的厚度、抑制前列腺上皮和基质细胞的增殖以及下调雄激素受体（AR）和雌激素受体α（ERα）的表达，有效预防了由雌二醇/睾酮诱导的前列腺增生的发展。一项体外研究表明，DHA以剂量和时间依赖性方式抑制人前列腺基质细胞系WPMY-1和上皮细胞系RWPE-1的生长。在这两种细胞系中，DHA使细胞周期停滞在G2/M期。此外，DHA还降低了WPMY-1和RWPE-1细胞中ERα和AR的表达。这些结果表明，DHA通过一种可能涉及细胞周期停滞以及ERα和AR表达下调的机制抑制前列腺基质和上皮细胞的增殖。
