Åman M, Forssblad M, Henriksson-Larsén K
GIH - The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institut, Capio Artro Clinic, Stockholm Sports Trauma Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2016 Apr;26(4):451-62. doi: 10.1111/sms.12462. Epub 2015 Apr 8.
Acute injuries in sport are still a problem where limited knowledge of incidence and severity in different sports at national level exists. In Sweden, 80% of the sports federations have their mandatory injury insurance for all athletes in the same insurance company and injury data are systematically kept in a national database. The aim of the study was to identify high-risk sports with respect to incidence of acute and severe injuries in 35 sports reported to the database. The number and incidences of injuries as well as injuries leading to permanent medical impairment (PMI) were calculated during 2008-2011. Each year approximately 12,000 injuries and 1,162,660 licensed athletes were eligible for analysis. Eighty-five percent of the injuries were reported in football, ice hockey, floorball, and handball. The highest injury incidence as well as PMI was in motorcycle, handball, skating, and ice hockey. Females had higher risk of a PMI compared with males in automobile sport, handball, floorball, and football. High-risk sports with numerous injuries and high incidence of PMI injuries were motorcycle, handball, ice hockey, football, floorball, and automobile sports. Thus, these sports ought to be the target of preventive actions at national level.
在体育领域,急性损伤仍是个问题,在国家层面上,对于不同运动项目中损伤发生率和严重程度的了解有限。在瑞典,80%的体育联合会为所有运动员在同一家保险公司购买了强制性伤害保险,并且伤害数据被系统地保存在一个国家数据库中。本研究的目的是在上报至该数据库的35项运动中,确定急性和严重损伤发生率方面的高危运动项目。在2008 - 2011年期间计算了损伤的数量和发生率,以及导致永久性医疗损伤(PMI)的损伤情况。每年约有12,000例损伤和1,162,660名持证运动员符合分析条件。85%的损伤报告来自足球、冰球、地板球和手球项目。损伤发生率以及PMI最高的项目是摩托车运动、手球、滑冰和冰球。在汽车运动、手球、地板球和足球项目中,女性发生PMI的风险高于男性。损伤众多且PMI损伤发生率高的高危运动项目有摩托车运动、手球、冰球、足球、地板球和汽车运动。因此,这些运动项目应成为国家层面预防行动的目标。