Hennrich Marco Leo, Gavin Anne-Claude
Structural and Computational Biology Unit and Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Sci Signal. 2015 Apr 7;8(371):re5. doi: 10.1126/scisignal.aaa6466.
Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of proteins represent an important level of cellular control. They participate in the efficient transduction of signals and form the basis of long-term cellular memory, allowing cells to adapt to a rapidly changing environment. More than 200 different PTMs have been described that affect many aspects of protein functions, and the importance of these modifications is evident from the number of diseases that arise from their deregulation. The proteome-wide analysis of certain PTMs, such as phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, methylation, ubiquitination, and sumoylation, has become a standard procedure in many laboratories. We highlight and discuss some important aspects of systems-wide PTM analyses using mass spectrometry-based methods.
蛋白质的翻译后修饰（PTM）代表了细胞控制的一个重要层面。它们参与信号的有效转导，并构成长期细胞记忆的基础，使细胞能够适应快速变化的环境。已经描述了200多种不同的PTM，这些修饰影响蛋白质功能的许多方面，并且从因它们失调而引发的疾病数量可以明显看出这些修饰的重要性。对某些PTM进行全蛋白质组分析，如磷酸化、乙酰化、糖基化、甲基化、泛素化和类泛素化修饰，已成为许多实验室的标准程序。我们重点介绍并讨论使用基于质谱的方法进行全系统PTM分析的一些重要方面。
