丙型肝炎病毒与抗病毒固有免疫：拔河比赛谁能获胜？
Hepatitis C virus and antiviral innate immunity: who wins at tug-of-war?
作者信息
Yang Da-Rong, Zhu Hai-Zhen
机构信息
Da-Rong Yang, Hai-Zhen Zhu, Department of Molecular Medicine of College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan Province, China.
出版信息
World J Gastroenterol. 2015 Apr 7;21(13):3786-800. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i13.3786.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major human pathogen of chronic hepatitis and related liver diseases. Innate immunity is the first line of defense against invading foreign pathogens, and its activation is dependent on the recognition of these pathogens by several key sensors. The interferon (IFN) system plays an essential role in the restriction of HCV infection via the induction of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) that inhibit viral replication and spread. However, numerous factors that trigger immune dysregulation, including viral factors and host genetic factors, can help HCV to escape host immune response, facilitating viral persistence. In this review, we aim to summarize recent advances in understanding the innate immune response to HCV infection and the mechanisms of ISGs to suppress viral survival, as well as the immune evasion strategies for chronic HCV infection.
丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）是导致慢性肝炎及相关肝脏疾病的主要人类病原体。固有免疫是抵御外来病原体入侵的第一道防线，其激活依赖于几种关键感受器对这些病原体的识别。干扰素（IFN）系统通过诱导数百种干扰素刺激基因（ISG）来限制HCV感染，这些基因可抑制病毒复制和传播，发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，包括病毒因素和宿主遗传因素在内的众多引发免疫失调的因素，可帮助HCV逃避免疫反应，促进病毒持续存在。在本综述中，我们旨在总结在理解HCV感染的固有免疫反应、ISG抑制病毒存活的机制以及慢性HCV感染的免疫逃逸策略方面的最新进展。
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