Vertigan Anne E, Murad Mohammad H, Pringsheim Tamara, Feinstein Anthony, Chang Anne B, Newcombe Peter A, Rubin Bruce K, McGarvey Lorcan P, Weir Kelly, Altman Kenneth W, Weinberger Miles, Irwin Richard S, Adams Todd M, Altman Kenneth W, Barker Alan F, Birring Surinder S, Blackhall Fiona, Bolser Donald C, Boulet Louis-Philippe, Braman Sidney S, Brightling Christopher, Callahan-Lyon Priscilla, Canning Brendan J, Chang Anne B, Coeytaux Remy, Cowley Terrie, Davenport Paul, Diekemper Rebecca L, Ebihara Satoru, El Solh Ali A, Escalante Patricio, Feinstein Anthony, Field Stephen K, Fisher Dina, French Cynthia T, Gibson Peter, Gold Philip, Gould Michael K, Grant Cameron, Harding Susan M, Harnden Anthony, Hill Adam T, Irwin Richard S, Kahrilas Peter J, Keogh Karina A, Lane Andrew P, Lim Kaiser, Malesker Mark A, Mazzone Peter, Mazzone Stuart, McCrory Douglas C, McGarvey Lorcan, Molasiotis Alex, Murad M Hassan, Newcombe Peter, Nguyen Huong Q, Oppenheimer John, Prezant David, Pringsheim Tamara, Restrepo Marcos I, Rosen Mark, Rubin Bruce, Ryu Jay H, Smith Jaclyn, Tarlo Susan M, Vertigan Anne E, Wang Gang, Weinberger Miles, Weir Kelly, Wiener Renda Soylemez
Chest. 2015 Jul;148(1):24-31. doi: 10.1378/chest.15-0423.
We conducted a systematic review on the management of psychogenic cough, habit cough, and tic cough to update the recommendations and suggestions of the 2006 guideline on this topic.
We followed the American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST) methodologic guidelines and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework. The Expert Cough Panel based their recommendations on data from the systematic review, patients' values and preferences, and the clinical context. Final grading was reached by consensus according to Delphi methodology.
The results of the systematic review revealed only low-quality evidence to support how to define or diagnose psychogenic or habit cough with no validated diagnostic criteria. With respect to treatment, low-quality evidence allowed the committee to only suggest therapy for children believed to have psychogenic cough. Such therapy might consist of nonpharmacologic trials of hypnosis or suggestion therapy, or combinations of reassurance, counseling, and referral to a psychologist, psychotherapy, and appropriate psychotropic medications. Based on multiple resources and contemporary psychologic, psychiatric, and neurologic criteria (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition and tic disorder guidelines), the committee suggests that the terms psychogenic and habit cough are out of date and inaccurate.
Compared with the 2006 CHEST Cough Guidelines, the major change in suggestions is that the terms psychogenic and habit cough be abandoned in favor of somatic cough syndrome and tic cough, respectively, even though the evidence to do so at this time is of low quality.
我们对心因性咳嗽、习惯性咳嗽和抽动性咳嗽的管理进行了系统评价，以更新2006年关于该主题指南的建议。
我们遵循美国胸科医师学会（CHEST）的方法学指南以及推荐分级、评估、制定和评价框架。专家咳嗽小组的建议基于系统评价的数据、患者的价值观和偏好以及临床背景。最终分级根据德尔菲法通过共识达成。
系统评价结果显示，仅有低质量证据支持如何定义或诊断心因性或习惯性咳嗽，尚无经过验证的诊断标准。关于治疗，低质量证据使委员会仅能建议对被认为患有心因性咳嗽的儿童进行治疗。此类治疗可能包括催眠或暗示疗法的非药物试验，或安慰、咨询以及转介至心理学家、心理治疗和适当精神药物的联合应用。基于多种资源以及当代心理学、精神病学和神经病学标准（《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第5版和抽动障碍指南），委员会建议心因性咳嗽和习惯性咳嗽这两个术语已过时且不准确。
与200年CHEST咳嗽指南相比，建议中的主要变化是分别放弃心因性咳嗽和习惯性咳嗽这两个术语，而采用躯体性咳嗽综合征和抽动性咳嗽，尽管此时这样做的证据质量较低。
