Liepins Janis, Kovačova Elena, Shvirksts Karlis, Grube Mara, Rapoport Alexander, Kogan Grigorij
Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, Kronvalda Blvd 4, Riga LV-1586, Latvia.
Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 84245 Bratislava, Slovakia.
J Biotechnol. 2015 Jul 20;206:12-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.03.024. Epub 2015 Apr 7.
Due to immunological activity, microbial cell wall polysaccharides are defined as 'biological response modifiers' (BRM). Cell walls of spent brewer's yeast also have some BRM activity. However, up to date there is no consensus on the use of spent brewer's yeast D-glucan as specific BRM in humans or animals. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the potential of spent brewer's yeast β-D-glucans as BRM, and drying as an efficient pretreatment to increase β-D-glucan's immunogenic activity. Our results revealed that drying does not change spent brewer's yeast biomass carbohydrate content as well as the chemical structure of purified β-D-glucan. However, drying increased purified β-D-glucan TNF-α induction activity in the murine macrophage model. We presume drying pretreatment enhances purity of extracted β-D-glucan. This is corroborated with FT-IR analyses of the β-D-glucan spectra. Based on our results, we suggest that dry spent brewer's yeast biomass can be used as a cheap source for high-quality β-D-glucan extraction. Drying in combination with carboxylmethylation (CM), endows spent brewer's yeast β-D-glucan with the immunoactivity similar or exceeding that of a well-characterized fungal BRM pleuran.
由于具有免疫活性，微生物细胞壁多糖被定义为“生物反应调节剂”（BRM）。废啤酒酵母的细胞壁也具有一定的BRM活性。然而，迄今为止，对于将废啤酒酵母D-葡聚糖用作人和动物的特异性BRM尚无共识。本文的目的是证明废啤酒酵母β-D-葡聚糖作为BRM的潜力，以及干燥作为提高β-D-葡聚糖免疫原活性的有效预处理方法。我们的结果表明，干燥不会改变废啤酒酵母生物质碳水化合物含量以及纯化的β-D-葡聚糖的化学结构。然而，干燥增加了纯化的β-D-葡聚糖在小鼠巨噬细胞模型中的TNF-α诱导活性。我们推测干燥预处理提高了提取的β-D-葡聚糖的纯度。这通过β-D-葡聚糖光谱的FT-IR分析得到了证实。基于我们的结果，我们建议干燥的废啤酒酵母生物质可以用作提取高质量β-D-葡聚糖的廉价来源。干燥与羧甲基化（CM）相结合，赋予废啤酒酵母β-D-葡聚糖与特征明确的真菌BRM普鲁兰相似或超过其免疫活性。
