Huang Shu-Chun, Wong Alice M K, Ho Ching-Wen, Weng Tzu-Pin, Cheng Shu-Chuan, Wang Jong-Shyan
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkuo, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Healthy Aging Research Center, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Medical Collage, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Chin J Physiol. 2015 Apr 30;58(2):114-23. doi: 10.4077/CJP.2015.BAD287.
Sleep deprivation (SD) leads to cardiovascular risk by disturbing autonomic nervous system (ANS). Whether sex or menstrual cycle influences cardiac ANS interfered by SD remained unclear. This investigation was to further clarify the effects of different menstrual phases on cardiac autonomic nervous activity disturbed by SD. Methodologically, cardiac autonomic modulation before and after 30 h of total SD was determined by spectral analysis of heart rate variability in 10 healthy females during the mid-follicular (FF) and mid-luteal (FL) phases and 10 healthy males. The result showed that before SD, the FF subjects, but not FL, had higher normalized high frequency (nHF) (vagal activity) or lower ratio of low frequency (LF) to high frequency(HF) power (sympathetic activity) while performing deep breathing or Valsalva maneuver (40 mmHg) than the male subjects did. However, the SD for 30 h in the FF group significantly increased the LF/HF ratio and decreased nHF level at rest and in responses to deep breathing and Valsalva maneuver, despite no significant change of HRV in either male or FL group. Simultaneously, the SD substantially lowered venous PCO₂ in the FF group, and the decreased PCO₂ level was associated with the increased LF/HF ratio following SD. We concluded that 30-h acute SD promotes sympathetic and depresses [corrected] parasympathetic activities in female during the follicular phase rather than the luteal phase. Compared to FF, SD-triggered cardiac sympathetic activation is blunted in FL. The study provides further insight into the physiology of acute SD in different sex and menstrual phases.
睡眠剥夺（SD）通过干扰自主神经系统（ANS）导致心血管风险。性别或月经周期是否会影响受SD干扰的心脏ANS尚不清楚。本研究旨在进一步阐明不同月经阶段对受SD干扰的心脏自主神经活动的影响。在方法上，通过对10名处于卵泡中期（FF）和黄体中期（FL）的健康女性以及10名健康男性进行心率变异性频谱分析，测定了30小时完全SD前后的心脏自主神经调节情况。结果显示，在SD之前，FF组受试者在进行深呼吸或瓦尔萨尔瓦动作（40 mmHg）时，其归一化高频（nHF）（迷走神经活动）较高，或低频（LF）与高频（HF）功率之比（交感神经活动）较低，而FL组则不然，且FF组受试者的这些指标与男性受试者不同。然而，FF组30小时的SD显著增加了静息时以及对深呼吸和瓦尔萨尔瓦动作反应时的LF/HF比值，并降低了nHF水平，尽管男性组和FL组的心率变异性均无显著变化。同时，SD使FF组的静脉血二氧化碳分压（PCO₂）大幅降低，且PCO₂水平的降低与SD后LF/HF比值的增加相关。我们得出结论，30小时的急性SD在卵泡期而非黄体期促进女性的交感神经活动并抑制副交感神经活动。与FF组相比，SD引发的心脏交感神经激活在FL组中减弱。该研究为不同性别和月经阶段急性SD的生理学提供了进一步的见解。
