Human Sleep Research Program, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Avenue, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2013 Nov;38(11):2618-27. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.06.005. Epub 2013 Jul 10.
To investigate the influence of menstrual cycle phase and the presence of severe premenstrual symptoms on cardiac autonomic control during sleep, we performed heart rate variability (HRV) analysis during stable non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and REM sleep in 12 women with severe premenstrual syndrome and 14 controls in the mid-follicular, mid-luteal, and late-luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Heart rate was higher, along with lower high frequency (HF) power, reflecting reduced vagal activity, and a higher ratio of low frequency (LF) to high frequency power, reflecting a shift to sympathetic dominance, in REM sleep compared with NREM sleep in both groups of women. Both groups of women had higher heart rate during NREM and REM sleep in the luteal phase recordings compared with the mid-follicular phase. HF power in REM sleep was lowest in the mid-luteal phase, when progesterone was highest, in both groups of women. The mid-luteal phase reduction in HF power was also evident in NREM sleep in control women but not in women with PMS, suggesting some impact of premenstrual syndrome on autonomic responses to the hormone environment of the mid-luteal phase. In addition, mid-luteal phase progesterone levels correlated positively with HF power and negatively with LF/HF ratio in control women in NREM sleep and with the LF/HF ratio during REM sleep in both groups of women. Our findings suggest the involvement of female reproductive steroids in cardiac autonomic control during sleep in women with and without premenstrual syndrome.
为了研究月经周期阶段和严重经前症状的存在对睡眠中心血管自主控制的影响，我们在 12 名患有严重经前综合征的女性和 14 名对照者的卵泡中期、黄体中期和黄体晚期进行了稳定的非快速眼动（NREM）和快速眼动（REM）睡眠期间的心率变异性（HRV）分析。与 NREM 睡眠相比，两组女性在 REM 睡眠中的心率均较高，同时高频（HF）功率较低，反映出迷走神经活动减少，低频（LF）与高频功率之比较高，反映出交感神经优势的转变。与卵泡中期相比，两组女性在黄体期记录的 NREM 和 REM 睡眠中的心率均较高。两组女性在 REM 睡眠中的 HF 功率在黄体中期最低，此时孕激素水平最高。在对照组女性的 NREM 睡眠中也可以看到黄体中期 HF 功率的降低，但在 PMS 女性中则没有，这表明经前综合征对黄体中期激素环境对自主反应的某些影响。此外，在对照组女性的 NREM 睡眠中，黄体中期孕激素水平与 HF 功率呈正相关，与 LF/HF 比值呈负相关，而在两组女性的 REM 睡眠中，与 LF/HF 比值呈负相关。我们的发现表明，女性生殖类固醇参与了经前综合征和无经前综合征女性的睡眠中心血管自主控制。
