Kundi Michael, Obermeier Patrick, Helfert Stephanie, Oubari Hiba, Fitzinger Stefan, Yun Jeong A, Brix Martin, Rath Barbara
Institute of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
Curr Drug Saf. 2015;10(1):16-22. doi: 10.2174/157488631001150407104320.
In times of declining immunization rates among children in many countries and an increasing threat of potentially vaccine-preventable diseases, there is a strong need for new strategies to improve trust in vaccinations and acceptance of recommendations, especially in parents of infants and children. A survey to evaluate vaccination acceptance has been conducted in Vienna, Austria, based on a US CDC survey, applying a cross-sectional approach with districts and public as well as private kindergartens and preschools as selection base. The survey aimed to investigate the impact of parent satisfaction with, and overall trust in the physician on vaccine acceptance, as well as the impact of quality and completeness of safety information delivered during the vaccination consultation. Overall 1101 parents, predominantly (84.2%) mothers, participated in the survey. The majority (82.7%) of participants had a generally positive view concerning childhood vaccination. However, 25.1% refused at least one of the recommended vaccinations. In multivariate analysis, confidence in vaccinations was significantly influenced by education (lower confidence at higher levels of education), gender (higher confidence in females), and positively associated with trust in physician, smooth vaccination procedure, and information about vaccine risks. Similar results were obtained for compliance with recommended vaccinations with information about vaccine benefits being the most important predictor. This large survey indicates an important role of the physician in communicating balanced information about benefits and risks associated with childhood vaccinations. A trustworthy parent-physician relationship is crucial for vaccination decisions of parents.
在许多国家儿童免疫接种率下降、潜在的疫苗可预防疾病威胁日益增加的情况下，迫切需要新的策略来提高对疫苗接种的信任以及对建议的接受度，尤其是在婴幼儿家长中。基于美国疾病控制与预防中心（US CDC）的一项调查，在奥地利维也纳进行了一项评估疫苗接种接受度的调查，采用横断面研究方法，以各区以及公立和私立幼儿园及学前班为抽样基础。该调查旨在研究家长对医生的满意度和总体信任度对疫苗接种接受度的影响，以及疫苗接种咨询过程中提供的安全信息的质量和完整性的影响。共有1101名家长参与了调查，其中大多数（84.2%）是母亲。大多数参与者（82.7%）对儿童疫苗接种总体持积极态度。然而，25.1%的人至少拒绝了一项推荐的疫苗接种。在多变量分析中，疫苗接种信心受教育程度（受教育程度越高信心越低）、性别（女性信心更高）显著影响，并且与对医生的信任、顺利的疫苗接种程序以及疫苗风险信息呈正相关。对于推荐疫苗接种的依从性也得到了类似结果，其中疫苗益处信息是最重要的预测因素。这项大型调查表明医生在传达有关儿童疫苗接种益处和风险的平衡信息方面发挥着重要作用。值得信赖的医患关系对于家长的疫苗接种决策至关重要。
