Dias Rachel, Santos Raquel Luiza, Sousa Maria Fernanda Barroso de, Nogueira Marcela Moreira Lima, Torres Bianca, Belfort Tatiana, Dourado Marcia Cristina Nascimento
Institute of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Trends Psychiatry Psychother. 2015 Jan-Mar;37(1):12-9. doi: 10.1590/2237-6089-2014-0032. Epub 2015 Jan 30.
Although caregivers of people with dementia may face difficulties, some positive feelings of caregiving may be associated with resilience.
This study systematically reviewed the definitions, methodological approaches and determinant models associated with resilience among caregivers of people with dementia.
Search for articles published between 2003 and 2014 in ISI, PubMed/MEDLINE, SciELO and Lilacs using the search terms resilience, caregivers and dementia.
Resilience has been defined as positive adaptation to face adversity, flexibility, psychological well-being, strength, healthy life, burden, social network and satisfaction with social support. No consensus was found about the definition of resilience associated with dementia. We classified the determinant variables into biological, psychological and social models. Higher levels of resilience were associated with lower depression rates and greater physical health. Other biological factors associated with higher levels of resilience were older age, African-American ethnicity and female sex. Lower burden, stress, neuroticism and perceived control were the main psychological factors associated with resilience. Social support was a moderating factor of resilience, and different types of support seemed to relieve the physical and mental overload caused by stress.
尽管痴呆症患者的照料者可能面临困难，但一些照料带来的积极感受可能与心理弹性有关。
本研究系统回顾了痴呆症患者照料者心理弹性的定义、方法学途径及决定因素模型。
在ISI、PubMed/MEDLINE、SciELO和Lilacs数据库中检索2003年至2014年间发表的文章，检索词为心理弹性、照料者和痴呆症。
心理弹性被定义为面对逆境的积极适应、灵活性、心理健康、力量、健康生活、负担、社会网络及对社会支持的满意度。关于与痴呆症相关的心理弹性定义尚未达成共识。我们将决定因素变量分为生物、心理和社会模型。较高水平的心理弹性与较低的抑郁率及更好的身体健康相关。与较高心理弹性水平相关的其他生物因素包括年龄较大、非裔美国人种族及女性。较低的负担、压力、神经质和感知控制是与心理弹性相关的主要心理因素。社会支持是心理弹性的调节因素，不同类型的支持似乎能减轻压力引起的身心负担。
