State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, CAS Research Centre for PRD Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, CAS Research Centre for PRD Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Water Res. 2015 Jun 15;77:146-154. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.03.022. Epub 2015 Apr 3.
A total of 21 progestagens were screened in animal wastes and environmental samples from two representative swine farms and surrounding environments of South China using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) to assess the effectiveness of simple lagoon (and digester) treatment. The results showed that 11, 8 and 8 of 21 target progestagens were detected with the minimum concentration of 2.31 ng/L and maximum of 6150 ng/L in the water samples, with the minimum of 1.36 ng/L and maximum of 98.3 ng/L in the suspended particles, and with the minimum of 1.57 ng/g dry weight (dw) and maximum of 3310 ng/g dw in the solid samples, respectively. Trace levels (a few ng/L or ng/g levels) of dydrogesterone, 5α-dihydroprogesterone, norgestrel and progesterone were found in samples from nearby surface waters and vegetable fields impacted by animal wastes. The residual progestagens at the reported levels may still pose potential risks to aquatic organisms such as fish in the receiving aquatic environments. This finding suggests that swine wastewater and feces could lead to contamination of some detectable progestagens in the surrounding environments. Significant reduction in total progestagen concentrations were observed from the fresh swine wastewaters to the fish ponds, indicating effective removal of these compounds by the lagoon (and digester) treatment. In addition, the biogas digesters provided high removal of the progestagens in the waste streams. This low-cost and eco-friendly treatment system should be promoted in developing countries with concentrated animal operations.
采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（UHPLC-MS/MS），对华南地区两个具有代表性的养猪场及其周边环境的动物粪便和环境样本中的 21 种孕激素进行了筛选，以评估简单的（和消化器）处理塘的效果。结果表明，在所检测的水样、悬浮颗粒物和固体样本中，21 种目标孕激素的检出浓度范围分别为 2.316150ng/L、1.3698.3ng/L 和 1.57~3310ng/g 干重（dw），其中最低检出浓度分别为 2.31ng/L、1.36ng/L 和 1.57ng/g dw，最高检出浓度分别为 6150ng/L、98.3ng/L 和 3310ng/g dw。在受动物粪便影响的附近地表水和菜地样本中，痕量水平（ng/L 或 ng/g 级）的地屈孕酮、5α-二氢孕酮、去氧孕烯和孕酮被检测到。在受纳水体环境中，这些报道水平的残留孕激素仍可能对鱼类等水生生物构成潜在风险。这一发现表明，猪粪废水和猪粪可能导致周围环境中某些可检测孕激素的污染。从新鲜猪废水中到鱼塘，总孕激素浓度明显降低，表明塘（和消化器）处理对这些化合物具有有效的去除效果。此外，沼气消化器对废水中的孕激素去除率很高。这种低成本、环保的处理系统应在集中养殖的发展中国家得到推广。
