Yip V L M, Hawcutt D B, Pirmohamed M
Departments of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2015 Jul;98(1):61-70. doi: 10.1002/cpt.135. Epub 2015 Jun 3.
The action of a drug is dictated by its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics properties, both of which can vary in different individuals because of environmental and genetic factors. Pharmacogenetics, the study of genetic factors determining drug response, has the potential to improve clinical outcomes through targeting therapies, individualizing dosing, preventing adverse drug reactions, and potentially rescuing previously failed therapies. Although there have been significant advances in pharmacogenetics over the last decade, only a few have been translated into clinical practice. However, with new rapid genotyping technologies, regulatory modernization, novel clinical trial designs, systems approaches, and integration of pharmacogenetic data into decision support systems, there is hope that pharmacogenetics, as an important component of the overall drive towards personalized medicine, will advance more quickly in the future. There will continue to be a need for collaboration between centers all over the world, and multisector working, capitalizing on the current data revolution.
药物的作用取决于其药代动力学和药效学特性，由于环境和遗传因素，这两种特性在不同个体中可能会有所不同。药物遗传学是研究决定药物反应的遗传因素的学科，它有潜力通过靶向治疗、个体化给药、预防药物不良反应以及挽救先前失败的治疗方法来改善临床结果。尽管在过去十年中药物遗传学取得了重大进展，但只有少数进展转化为了临床实践。然而，随着新的快速基因分型技术、监管现代化、新型临床试验设计、系统方法以及将药物遗传学数据整合到决策支持系统中，有望药物遗传学作为迈向个性化医疗总体努力的重要组成部分，在未来能更快地发展。全世界各中心之间以及多部门合作仍将有必要，利用当前的数据革命。
